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Phase separation in organic aerosol†
Chemical Society Reviews ( IF 46.2 ) Pub Date : 2017-11-14 00:00:00 , DOI: 10.1039/c6cs00783j
Miriam Arak Freedman 1, 2, 3, 4
Affiliation  

Organic aerosol is ubiquitous in the atmosphere, and impacts climate through the scattering and absorption of light and through the formation of nuclei for cloud droplets. These aerosol particles, which are composed of organic compounds and salts, are of great recent interest due to the complex chemistry that occurs within the particles as well as at the air-aerosol interface. Historically, organic aerosol was thought to undergo two phase transitions as the relative humidity around the particles is varied: efflorescence (crystallization) and deliquescence (water uptake). Recently, however, it was proposed that organic aerosol can undergo a phase transition in which liquid–liquid phase separation results in the formation of a particle with two liquid phases. This phenomenon has been recognized in the biophysical chemistry community for over a century, but atmospheric systems differ in several key aspects. Over the past 15 years, characterisation of the systems that undergo phase separation, the mechanisms by which this phase transition occurs, and the resultant morphologies have been investigated, sometimes with lingering questions. In addition, theory has been developed to model liquid–liquid phase separation in bulk systems. This review will cover these studies, focusing on experimental results, as well as covering recent results on the inhibition of liquid–liquid phase separation in nanoscale particles and studies that address the implications of this phase transition on climate-related properties of aerosol particles.

中文翻译:

有机气溶胶中的相分离

有机气溶胶在大气中无处不在,并通过光的散射和吸收以及通过形成云滴的原子核来影响气候。这些由有机化合物和盐组成的气溶胶颗粒,由于在颗粒内以及在空气-气溶胶界面处发生复杂的化学反应,引起了人们的极大关注。从历史上看,随着颗粒周围相对湿度的变化,有机气溶胶经历了两个相变:风化(结晶)和潮解(吸水)。然而,最近有人提出,有机气溶胶可以经历相变,其中液相分离导致形成具有两个液相的颗粒。这种现象已经在生物物理化学界公认了一个多世纪,但是大气系统在几个关键方面有所不同。在过去的15年中,已经研究了经历相分离的系统的特性,发生这种相变的机制以及所形成的形态,有时还存在一些挥之不去的问题。此外,已经开发了理论来模拟散装系统中的液相分离。这篇综述将涵盖这些研究,侧重于实验结果,以及涵盖抑制纳米级颗粒中液相分离的最新结果,以及涉及该相变对气溶胶颗粒与气候相关特性的影响的研究。进行了相分离的系统的表征,发生这种相变的机理以及所形成的形态,有时还存在一些挥之不去的问题。此外,已经开发了理论来模拟散装系统中的液相分离。这篇综述将涵盖这些研究,侧重于实验结果,以及涵盖抑制纳米级颗粒中液相分离的最新结果,以及涉及该相变对气溶胶颗粒与气候相关特性的影响的研究。进行了相分离的系统的表征,发生这种相变的机理以及所形成的形态,有时还存在一些挥之不去的问题。此外,已经开发了理论来模拟散装系统中的液相分离。这篇综述将涵盖这些研究,侧重于实验结果,以及涵盖抑制纳米级颗粒中液相分离的最新结果,以及涉及该相变对气溶胶颗粒与气候相关特性的影响的研究。已经开发出理论来模拟散装系统中的液相分离。这篇综述将涵盖这些研究,侧重于实验结果,以及涵盖抑制纳米级颗粒中液相分离的最新结果,以及涉及该相变对气溶胶颗粒与气候相关特性的影响的研究。已经开发出理论来模拟散装系统中的液相分离。这篇综述将涵盖这些研究,侧重于实验结果,还将涵盖有关抑制纳米级颗粒中液相分离的最新结果,以及涉及该相变对气溶胶颗粒与气候相关的性质的影响的研究。
更新日期:2017-11-14
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