Lentic small water bodies have a high ecological potential as they fulfill several ecosystem services such as the retention of water and pollutants. They serve as a hot spot of biodiversity. Due to their location in or adjacent to agricultural fields, they can be influenced by inputs of pesticides and their transformation products. Since small water bodies have rarely been part of monitorings/campaigns up to now, their current exposure and processes guiding the pesticide input are not understood, yet. This study presents results of a sampling campaign of 10 lentic small water bodies from 2015 to 2016. They were sampled once after the spring application for a pesticide target screening, before autumn application and three times after rainfall events following the application. The autumn sampling focused on the herbicides metazachlor, flufenacet and their transformation products - oxalic acid and - sulfonic acid as representatives for common pesticides in the study region. The concentrations were associated with rainfall before and after application, characteristics of the site and the water bodies, physicochemical parameters and the applied amount of pesticides. The key results of the pesticide screening in spring indicate positive detections of pesticides which have not been applied for years to the single fields. The autumn sampling showed frequent occurrences of the transformation products, which are formed in soil, from 39% to 94% of all samples (n = 71). Discharge patterns were observed for metazachlor with highest concentrations in the first sample after application and then decreasing, but not for flufenacet. The concentrations of the transformation products increased over time and revealed highest values mainly in the last sample. Besides rainfall patterns right after application, the spatial and temporal dissemination of the pesticides to the water bodies seems to play a major role to understand the exposure of lentic small water bodies.

扁豆小水体履行多种生态系统服务，例如保留水和污染物，因此具有很高的生态潜力。它们是生物多样性的热点。由于它们位于农田中或邻近农田，因此可能会受到农药及其转化产物的投入的影响。由于到目前为止，小型水体很少是监测/活动的一部分，因此，目前尚不了解小型水体的当前暴露水平和指导农药输入的过程。这项研究提出了从2015年到2016年的10个小透镜体小水体采样活动的结果。春季施药后，对它们进行了一次抽样，以进行农药目标筛选，秋季施药前，以及降雨后进行了3次抽样。秋季采样重点是除草剂间草胺，氟苯乙酸及其转化产物-草酸和-磺酸是研究区域常见农药的代表。浓度与施用前后的降雨量，场地和水体的特征，理化参数以及农药的施用量有关。春季农药筛查的关键结果表明，对农药的阳性检出数年未应用到单一领域。秋季采样显示，在土壤中形成的转化产物频繁发生，占所有样品的39％至94％（n = 71）。施用后，第一个样品中的甲草胺的最高浓度观察到了放电模式，然后降低了，但氟苯乙胺则没有。转化产物的浓度随时间增加，并且主要在最后一个样品中显示出最高值。除了施用后的降雨模式外，农药在水体中的时空分布似乎在理解小透镜体小水体的暴露方面也起着重要作用。