Nanophotonic resonators offer the ability to design nanoscale optical elements and engineered materials with unconventional properties. Dielectric-based resonators intrinsically support a complete multipolar resonant response with low absorption, while metallic resonators provide extreme light confinement and enhanced photon–electron interactions. Here, we construct resonators out of a prototypical metal–insulator transition material, vanadium dioxide (VO₂), and demonstrate switching between dielectric and plasmonic resonances. We first characterize the temperature-dependent infrared optical constants of VO₂ single crystals and thin-films. We then fabricate VO₂ wire arrays and disk arrays. We show that wire resonators support dielectric resonances at low temperatures, a damped scattering response at intermediate temperatures, and plasmonic resonances at high temperatures. In disk resonators, however, upon heating, there is a pronounced enhancement of scattering at intermediate temperatures and a substantial narrowing of the phase transition. These findings may lead to the design of novel nanophotonic devices that incorporate thermally switchable plasmonic–dielectric behavior.

中文翻译：

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具有金属-绝缘体过渡的可开关等离子-电介质谐振器

纳米光子谐振器提供了设计具有非常规特性的纳米级光学元件和工程材料的能力。基于电介质的谐振器本质上支持具有低吸收的完整多极谐振响应，而金属谐振器则提供了极端的光限制和增强的光子-电子相互作用。在这里，我们使用典型的金属-绝缘体过渡材料二氧化钒（VO ₂）构造谐振器，并演示了介电和等离子体谐振之间的切换。我们首先表征VO ₂单晶和薄膜随温度变化的红外光学常数。然后，我们制造VO ₂线阵列和磁盘阵列。我们表明，线谐振器支持低温下的介电共振，中等温度下的衰减散射响应以及高温下的等离子体共振。然而，在盘式谐振器中，在加热时，在中间温度下散射明显增强，并且相变明显变窄。这些发现可能导致设计新颖的纳米光子器件，该器件结合了可热切换的等离子-电介质行为。