Specialized metabolites support bacterial competitive fitness as antibiotics, signals, pigments, and metal scavengers. Little is known about how specialized metabolites are processed and trafficked for their diverse competitive functions. Linearmycins A and B are linear polyketides with antifungal and antibacterial activity but are colony-localized in imaging mass spectrometry ofStreptomycessp. Mg1 (S.sp. Mg1). To decipher a connection between colony localization and antibiotic activity, we identified the linearmycin gene cluster and investigated linearmycin production and distribution byS.sp. Mg1. Our results uncover a large family of variant linearmycins with limited solubility in aqueous solution. We hypothesized that extracellular vesicles may traffic the lipid-like linearmycins. We found that vesicles isolated from culture supernatants contained linearmycins. Surprisingly, abolishing production of linearmycins inS.sp. Mg1 also diminished extracellular vesicle production. Our results reveal integration of linearmycin biosynthesis with production of extracellular vesicles, suggesting a deep connection between specialized metabolism and bacterial membrane physiology.

中文翻译：

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线性霉素生物合成与细胞外囊泡发生之间的联系将专门的代谢与细菌膜生理学联系起来。

专门的代谢产物可作为抗生素，信号，色素和金属清除剂等细菌竞争性适应性支持。对于如何处理和贩运专门的代谢物以实现其多样化的竞争功能知之甚少。线性霉素A和B是具有抗真菌和抗菌活性的线性聚酮化合物，但在链霉菌素的质谱分析中位于菌落局部。Mg1（S.sp. Mg1）。为了解释菌落定位和抗生素活性之间的联系，我们鉴定了线性霉素基因簇，并通过S.sp.调查了线性霉素的生产和分布。镁1。我们的研究结果揭示了大范围的线性霉素变体，其在水溶液中的溶解度有限。我们假设细胞外小泡可能贩运类脂质线性霉素。我们发现从培养上清液中分离出的囊泡中含有线性霉素。出人意料的是，取消了S.sp.中线性霉素的生产。Mg1还减少了细胞外囊泡的产生。我们的结果揭示了线性霉素生物合成与细胞外囊泡的产生的整合，表明专门代谢与细菌膜生理之间的深层联系。