The transport of nano scale iron particles (NIP) in fractures is of concern for remediation of both fractured aquifers and porous aquifers when hydro-fracking and flow in preferential pathways takes place. In this study the transport of various NIP in a natural discrete fractured chalk core was investigated and their mass recoveries calculated. Four different types of NIP were tested and characterized in two ionic strength (IS) solutions at a particle concentration of 100–200 mg/l. The effect of IS, stability (sedimentation rate), particle size, solution viscosity and stabilizer were studied. NIP stability ranged from 1 to 100% following 120 min of stability tests and recoveries ranged from about 6 to 69%. The stabilizer type and concentration were shown to have significant role in NIP recoveries, especially at increased IS. It was evident that gravitational stability is the most crucial factor dominating transport of NIP. Accordingly, stability tests were shown to be a reliable indicator of NIP mobility. The high recoveries of some NIP tested, combined with the lack of clogging effect illustrates the enhanced mobility of NIP in fractures. The wide range of recoveries indicates NIP transport manipulation potential in such media. We therefore suggest that application of NIP in contaminated fractures has considerable potential as a remediation measure. In order to achieve NIP distribution in the aquifer while avoiding leakage to the environment, NIP stabilizer concentration should be adjusted according to the site-specific hydrogeochemical properties of the contaminated media.

当在优先通道中发生水力压裂和流动时，裂缝中的纳米级铁颗粒（NIP）的运输对于裂缝性含水层和多孔含水层的修复都值得关注。在这项研究中，研究了各种NIP在天然离散裂缝白垩岩心中的运移，并计算了其质量回收率。测试了四种不同类型的NIP，并在两种离子强度（IS）溶液中进行了表征，颗粒浓度为100-200 mg / l。研究了IS，稳定性（沉降率），粒径，溶液粘度和稳定剂的影响。经过120分钟的稳定性测试后，NIP的稳定性为1％至100％，回收率约为6％至69％。稳定剂的类型和浓度在NIP回收中具有重要作用，尤其是在IS升高时。显然，重力稳定性是控制NIP传输的最关键因素。因此，稳定性测试被证明是NIP流动性的可靠指标。经测试的某些NIP的高回收率，加上缺乏堵塞效果，说明了NIP在裂缝中的活动性增强。广泛的回收率表明在此类介质中NIP的运输潜力很大。因此，我们建议在受污染的骨折中应用NIP作为修复措施具有巨大的潜力。为了在含水层中实现NIP分配，同时避免泄漏到环境中，应根据受污染介质的特定于现场的水文地球化学特性来调整NIP稳定剂的浓度。稳定性测试被证明是NIP移动性的可靠指标。经测试的某些NIP的高回收率，加上缺乏堵塞效果，说明了NIP在裂缝中的活动性增强。广泛的回收率表明此类介质中具有NIP转运操纵潜力。因此，我们建议在受污染的骨折中应用NIP作为修复措施具有巨大的潜力。为了在含水层中实现NIP分配，同时避免泄漏到环境中，应根据受污染介质的特定于现场的水文地球化学特性来调整NIP稳定剂的浓度。稳定性测试被证明是NIP移动性的可靠指标。经测试的某些NIP的高回收率，加上缺乏堵塞效果，说明了NIP在裂缝中的活动性增强。广泛的回收率表明在此类介质中NIP的运输潜力很大。因此，我们建议在受污染的骨折中应用NIP作为修复措施具有巨大的潜力。为了在含水层中实现NIP分配，同时避免泄漏到环境中，应根据受污染介质的特定于现场的水文地球化学特性来调整NIP稳定剂的浓度。广泛的回收率表明在此类介质中NIP的运输潜力很大。因此，我们建议在受污染的骨折中应用NIP作为修复措施具有巨大的潜力。为了在含水层中实现NIP分配，同时避免泄漏到环境中，应根据受污染介质的特定于现场的水文地球化学特性来调整NIP稳定剂的浓度。广泛的回收率表明在此类介质中NIP的运输潜力很大。因此，我们建议在受污染的骨折中应用NIP作为修复措施具有巨大的潜力。为了在含水层中实现NIP分配，同时避免泄漏到环境中，应根据受污染介质的特定于现场的水文地球化学特性来调整NIP稳定剂的浓度。