Novel drug delivery systems based on microtechnology have advanced tremendously, but yet face some technological and societal hurdles to fully achieve their potential. The novel drug delivery systems aim to deliver drugs in a spatiotemporal- and dosage-controlled manner with a goal to address the unmet medical needs from oral delivery and hypodermic injection. The unmet needs include effective delivery of new types of drug candidates that are otherwise insoluble and unstable, targeted delivery to areas protected by barriers (e.g. brain and posterior eye segment), localized delivery of potent drugs, and improved patient compliance. After scrutinizing the design considerations and challenges associated with delivery to areas that cannot be efficiently targeted through standard drug delivery (e.g. brain, posterior eye segment, and gastrointestinal tract), this review provides a summary of recent advances that addressed these challenges and summarizes yet unresolved problems in each target area. The opportunities for innovation in devising the novel drug delivery systems are still high; with integration of advanced microtechnology, advanced fabrication of biomaterials, and biotechnology, the novel drug delivery is poised to be a promising alternative to the oral administration and hypodermic injection for a large spectrum of drug candidates.

基于微技术的新型药物输送系统已经取得了长足的进步，但要完全发挥其潜力还面临一些技术和社会障碍。新颖的药物递送系统旨在以时空和剂量控制的方式递送药物，以解决口服递送和皮下注射带来的未满足的医疗需求。未满足的需要包括有效地提供新类型的候选药物是原本不溶的和不稳定的，有针对性的交是障碍（保护区ê。摹。脑和后眼段），有效药物的局部递送以及改善的患者依从性。仔细检查交付相关联的领域的设计考虑和挑战，无法通过标准的药物输送（被有效地靶向后ê。摹。大脑，后眼节和胃肠道），本综述总结了应对这些挑战的最新进展，并总结了每个目标区域尚未解决的问题。在设计新型药物输送系统方面的创新机会仍然很高；通过集成先进的微技术，先进的生物材料制造技术和生物技术，新型药物传递有望成为针对各种候选药物的口服给药和皮下注射的有前途的替代方法。