Fungi often infect mammalian hosts via the respiratory route, but traumatic transcutaneous implantation is also an important source of infections. Environmental exposure to spores of pathogenic fungi can result in subclinical and unrecognised syndromes, allergic manifestations, and even overt disease. After traumatic cutaneous inoculation, several fungi can cause neglected mycoses such as sporotrichosis, chromoblastomycosis, mycetoma, entomophthoramycosis, and lacaziosis. Most of these diseases have a subacute to chronic course and they can become recalcitrant to therapy and lead to physical disabilities, including inability to work, physical deformities, and amputations. For many years, paracoccidioidomycosis was considered the most prevalent endemic systemic mycosis in the Americas, but this situation might be changing with recognition of the worldwide presence of Histoplasma capsulatum. Both paracoccidioidomycosis and histoplasmosis can mimic several infectious and non-infectious medical conditions and lead to death if not recognised early and treated. Cutaneous implantation and systemic mycoses are neglected diseases that affect millions of individuals worldwide, especially in low-income countries where their management is suboptimum because challenges in diagnosis and therapeutic options are substantial issues.

真菌通常通过呼吸道感染哺乳动物宿主，但创伤性经皮植入也是重要的感染源。环境暴露于病原性真菌的孢子会导致亚临床和无法识别的综合征，过敏表现，甚至是明显的疾病。皮肤外伤接种后，几种真菌可引起被忽略的霉菌病，例如孢子囊菌病，成色母细胞病，分枝杆菌，肠衣原体病和漆基病。这些疾病中的大多数对慢性病具有亚急性作用，它们可能变得难以治疗，并导致身体残疾，包括无法工作，身体畸形和截肢。多年以来，副球菌病被认为是美洲最流行的地方性全身性真菌病，荚膜组织胞浆菌。副球虫病和组织胞浆菌病都可以模仿几种传染性和非传染性医学疾病，如果不及早发现和治疗，会导致死亡。皮肤植入和系统性霉菌病是一种被忽视的疾病，影响全世界数以百万计的个体，特别是在低收入国家，其管理不力，因为诊断和治疗选择方面的挑战是重大问题。