Spurred by Millennium Development Goal (MDG) 4, substantial progress in reducing child deaths was made between 1990 and 2015 around the world. The global under-5 mortality rate decreased from 90·6 deaths per 1000 livebirths in 1990 to 42·5 in 2015, a reduction of 53%.¹ This equated to a worldwide reduction in annual number of under-5 deaths from 12·7 million to 5·9 million.¹ Although this is an enormous accomplishment, and has been celebrated, these and other analyses have made clear that achievements varied considerably by cause of death,² region,^3,4 and country.

中文翻译：

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精准的公共卫生：绘制非洲儿童死亡率的图表

在千年发展目标4（MDG）的推动下，1990年至2015年全球在减少儿童死亡方面取得了实质性进展。全球5岁以下儿童的死亡率从1990年的每1000个活产中90.6例死亡减少到2015年的42·5例，减少了53％。¹这相当于全世界5岁以下儿童的死亡人数从12·700万减少到5·900万。¹虽然这是一个巨大的成就，并一直庆祝，这些和其他的分析已经明确表示，成果获死因，变化很大²区，^3,4和国家。