Every year in the United States, approximately 87,000 patients receive the diagnosis of melanoma. Although most of these patients are cured with simple excision, those with node-positive, stage III melanoma are at increased risk for distant metastasis and death. To date, the Food and Drug Administration (FDA) has approved three adjuvant therapies for such patients, all of which are immunotherapies: high-dose interferon alfa-2b, pegylated interferon alfa, and high-dose ipilimumab (10 mg per kilogram of body weight).^1-3 Concerns about the marginal efficacy of these drugs (especially the interferon-based agents) and considerable toxicity (all three drugs) have limited their use. Therefore, the . . .

中文翻译：

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辅助性黑色素瘤治疗-令人头晕的进展

在美国，每年约有87,000名患者被诊断出黑色素瘤。尽管这些患者大多数通过简单切除即可治愈，但那些淋巴结阳性，III期黑色素瘤患者远处转移和死亡的风险增加。迄今为止，美国食品药品监督管理局（FDA）已批准了针对此类患者的三种辅助疗法，所有这些疗法均为免疫疗法：大剂量干扰素α-2b，聚乙二醇化干扰素α和大剂量依普利单抗（每公斤体重10毫克）重量）。^1-3有关这些药物（特别是基于干扰素的药物）的边际功效和相当大的毒性（所有三种药物）的担忧限制了它们的使用。因此，。。。