Patients with pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma have a poor prognosis, and those with advanced disease do not survive longer than 12 months, even after cancer treatment. One reason therapy might fail to improve survival is that pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma could comprise several subtypes of disease, each requiring different treatments. Now, findings from a study by Alexander Muckenhuber (Technical University Munich, Munich, Germany) and colleagues suggest that subtypes identified by immunohistochemistry-based expression of cytokeratin 81 (KRT81) and hepatocyte nuclear factor 1A (HNF1A) have different survival outcomes and responses to chemotherapy.

中文翻译：

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胰腺导管腺癌亚型的生物标志物

胰腺导管腺癌患者预后较差，晚期患者即使经过癌症治疗也无法存活超过12个月。治疗可能无法改善生存的原因之一是胰腺导管腺癌可能包含多种疾病亚型，每种亚型都需要不同的治疗方法。现在，Alexander Muckenhuber（德国慕尼黑技术大学）及其同事的一项研究发现，通过基于免疫组织化学的细胞角蛋白81（KRT81）和肝细胞核因子1A（HNF1A）的表达鉴定出的亚型具有不同的生存结局和对化学疗法。