The development of two-dimensional (2D) inorganic materials-based quantum dots (QDs) is still in its infancy but is triggering immense enthusiasm due to their high chemical stability, good aqueous dispersibility, excellent optical property, good biocompatibility and easy functionalization. This review covers almost all the extant 2D-QDs based on graphene, phosphorene, silicene, carbides, nitrides, transition metal dichalcogenide, transition metal oxides and MXenes, etc. Their categories, synthetic routes, properties, functionalization and applications are critically highlighted. In the application section, special emphasis is placed on the progress in bioimaging, cancer therapy, fluorescent sensing and optoelectronics. Meanwhile, the latest advances in 2D QDs-based catalysis and energy since 2015 are addressed. Moreover, 2D nanoclusters, in particular 2D-QDs, are also included. This review provides guidance for 2D-QDs studies to meet the increasing demands in the many diverse applications.

中文翻译：

---

二维无机量子点的最新进展

二维（2D）无机材料基量子点（QDs）的开发仍处于起步阶段，但由于它们的高化学稳定性，良好的水分散性，优异的光学性能，良好的生物相容性和易于官能化，引发了巨大的热情。这篇综述涵盖了几乎所有基于石墨烯，磷烯，硅碳石，碳化物，氮化物，过渡金属二卤化碳，过渡金属氧化物和MXenes的现有2D-QD 。重点突出了它们的类别，合成路线，特性，功能化和应用。在应用部分中，将特别着重于生物成像，癌症治疗，荧光传感和光电方面的进展。同时，我们还介绍了自2015年以来基于2D QDs的催化和能源领域的最新进展。此外，还包括2D纳米团簇，特别是2D-QD。这篇综述为2D-QDs研究提供了指南，以满足许多不同应用中不断增长的需求。