All‐solution processed, high‐performance wearable strain sensors are demonstrated using heterostructure nanocrystal (NC) solids. By incorporating insulating artificial atoms of CdSe quantum dot NCs into metallic artificial atoms of Au NC thin film matrix, metal–insulator heterostructures are designed. This hybrid structure results in a shift close to the percolation threshold, modifying the charge transport mechanism and enhancing sensitivity in accordance with the site percolation theory. The number of electrical pathways is also manipulated by creating nanocracks to further increase its sensitivity, inspired from the bond percolation theory. The combination of the two strategies achieves gauge factor up to 5045, the highest sensitivity recorded among NC‐based strain gauges. These strain sensors show high reliability, durability, frequency stability, and negligible hysteresis. The fundamental charge transport behavior of these NC solids is investigated and the combined site and bond percolation theory is developed to illuminate the origin of their enhanced sensitivity. Finally, all NC‐based and solution‐processed strain gauge sensor arrays are fabricated, which effectively measure the motion of each finger joint, the pulse of heart rate, and the movement of vocal cords of human. This work provides a pathway for designing low‐cost and high‐performance electronic skin or wearable devices.

中文翻译：

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设计金属和绝缘纳米晶体异质结构，以制造可穿戴传感器的高灵敏度和固溶处理应变计

使用异质结构纳米晶体（NC）固体演示了经过全溶液处理的高性能可穿戴应变传感器。通过将CdSe量子点NCs的绝缘人工原子结合到Au NC薄膜基质的金属人工原子中，设计出了金属-绝缘体异质结构。根据位点渗流理论，这种混合结构导致位移接近渗流阈值，从而改变了电荷传输机制并提高了灵敏度。受到键渗流理论的启发，还可以通过创建纳米裂纹来进一步提高其敏感性来控制电通路的数量。两种策略的组合可实现高达5045的应变系数，这是基于NC的应变仪中记录的最高灵敏度。这些应变传感器显示出高可靠性，耐用性，频率稳定性和滞后可以忽略不计。研究了这些NC固体的基本电荷传输行为，并开发了结合位点和键渗流的理论来阐明其增强的敏感性的起源。最后，制造了所有基于NC且经过溶液处理的应变仪传感器阵列，它们可以有效地测量每个手指关节的运动，心率的脉搏以及人声带的运动。这项工作为设计低成本和高性能的电子皮肤或可穿戴设备提供了途径。所有基于NC且经过溶液处理的应变仪传感器阵列均已制造出来，可以有效地测量每个手指关节的运动，心率脉搏以及人声带的运动。这项工作为设计低成本和高性能的电子皮肤或可穿戴设备提供了途径。所有基于NC且经过溶液处理的应变仪传感器阵列均已制造出来，可以有效地测量每个手指关节的运动，心率脉搏以及人声带的运动。这项工作为设计低成本和高性能的电子皮肤或可穿戴设备提供了途径。