当前位置: X-MOL 学术Acc. Chem. Res. › 论文详情
Our official English website, www.x-mol.net, welcomes your feedback! (Note: you will need to create a separate account there.)
Synthetic Xylosides: Probing the Glycosaminoglycan Biosynthetic Machinery for Biomedical Applications
Accounts of Chemical Research ( IF 18.3 ) Pub Date : 2017-10-23 00:00:00 , DOI: 10.1021/acs.accounts.7b00289
Jie Shi Chua 1 , Balagurunathan Kuberan 1
Affiliation  

Glycosaminoglycans (GAGs) are polysaccharides ubiquitously found on cell surfaces and in the extracellular matrix (ECM). They regulate numerous cellular signaling events involved in many developmental and pathophysiological processes. GAGs are composed of complex sequences of repeating disaccharide units, each of which can carry many different modifications. The tremendous structural variations account for their ability to bind many proteins and thus, for their numerous functions. Although the sequence of GAG biosynthetic events and the enzymes involved mostly were deduced a decade ago, the emergence of tissue or cell specific GAGs from a nontemplate driven process remains an enigma. Current knowledge favors the hypothesis that macromolecular assemblies of GAG biosynthetic enzymes termed “GAGOSOMEs” coordinate polymerization and fine structural modifications in the Golgi apparatus. Distinct GAG structures arise from the differential channeling of substrates through the Golgi apparatus to various GAGOSOMEs. As GAGs perform multiple regulatory roles, it is of great interest to develop molecular strategies to selectively interfere with GAG biosynthesis for therapeutic applications. In this Account, we assess our present knowledge on GAG biosynthesis, the manipulation of GAG biosynthesis using synthetic xylosides, and the unrealized potential of these xylosides in various biomedical applications.

中文翻译:

合成木糖化物:探索用于生物医学应用的糖胺聚糖生物合成机械

糖胺聚糖(GAG)是普遍存在于细胞表面和细胞外基质(ECM)中的多糖。它们调节涉及许多发育和病理生理过程的许多细胞信号转导事件。GAG由重复的二糖单元的复杂序列组成,每个序列都可以带有许多不同的修饰。巨大的结构变异解释了它们结合许多蛋白质的能力,因此也解释了它们的众多功能。尽管GAG生物合成事件的顺序和涉及的酶大多是在十年前推论的,但非模板驱动过程中组织或细胞特异性GAG的出现仍是一个谜。当前的知识支持这样的假说,即被称为“ GAGOSOMEs”的GAG生物合成酶的大分子组装体在高尔基体中协调聚合和精细的结构修饰。不同的GAG结构是由底物通过高尔基体到各种GAGOSOMEs的差异通道产生的。由于GAG担负着多种调节作用,因此开发分子策略以选择性地干扰GAG生物合成以用于治疗应用,这一点引起了极大的兴趣。在此报告中,我们评估了我们目前在GAG生物合成,使用合成木糖苷操纵GAG生物合成的知识以及这些木糖苷在各种生物医学应用中的未实现潜力。不同的GAG结构是由底物通过高尔基体到各种GAGOSOMEs的差异通道产生的。由于GAG担负着多种调节作用,因此开发分子策略以选择性地干扰GAG生物合成以用于治疗应用,这一点引起了极大的兴趣。在此报告中,我们评估了我们目前在GAG生物合成,使用合成木糖苷操纵GAG生物合成的知识以及这些木糖苷在各种生物医学应用中的未实现潜力。不同的GAG结构是由底物通过高尔基体到各种GAGOSOMEs的差异通道产生的。由于GAG担负着多种调节作用,因此开发分子策略以选择性地干扰GAG生物合成以用于治疗应用,这一点引起了极大的兴趣。在此报告中,我们评估了我们目前在GAG生物合成,使用合成木糖苷操纵GAG生物合成的知识以及这些木糖苷在各种生物医学应用中的未实现潜力。
更新日期:2017-10-23
down
wechat
bug