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Foundation of the Outstanding Toughness in Biomimetic and Natural Spider Silk
Biomacromolecules ( IF 6.2 ) Pub Date : 2017-10-17 00:00:00 , DOI: 10.1021/acs.biomac.7b00990
Arthur Markus Anton 1 , Aniela Heidebrecht 2 , Nasir Mahmood 3 , Mario Beiner 3, 4 , Thomas Scheibel 2, 5, 6, 7, 8 , Friedrich Kremer 1
Affiliation  

Spider dragline silk is distinguished through the highest toughness of all natural as well as artificial fiber materials. To unravel the toughness’s molecular foundation and to enable manufacturing biomimetic analogues, we investigated the morphological and functional structure of recombinant fibers, which exhibit toughness similar to that of the natural template, on the molecular scale by means of vibrational spectroscopy and on the mesoscale by X-ray scattering. Whereas the former was used to identify protein secondary structures and their alignment in the natural as well as artificial silks, the latter revealed nanometer-sized crystallites on the higher structural level. Furthermore, a spectral red shift of a crystal-specific absorption band demonstrated that macroscopically applied stress is directly transferred to the molecular scale, where it is finally dissipated. Concerning this feature, both the natural as well as the biomimetic fibers are almost indistinguishable, giving rise to the toughness of both fiber materials.

中文翻译:

仿生和天然蜘蛛丝杰出韧性的基础

蜘蛛式拉铲丝的特点是其在所有天然和人造纤维材料中具有最高的韧性。为了弄清韧性的分子基础并能够制造仿生类似物,我们研究了重组纤维的形态和功能结构,该结构具有类似于天然模板的韧性,在分子尺度上采用振动光谱法,在中等尺度下用X进行了研究。 -射线散射。前者用于鉴定天然和人造丝中的蛋白质二级结构及其排列,而后者则在较高的结构水平上显示出纳米级的微晶。此外,晶体特定吸收带的光谱红移表明,宏观施加的应力直接转移到分子尺度,最终消散的地方。关于这一特征,天然纤维和仿生纤维几乎是无法区分的,这两种纤维材料都具有韧性。
更新日期:2017-10-17
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