The burden of oral cancer in the United States has been evolving for at least 2 decades. Gains in head and neck cancer control afforded by a period effect of reduced tobacco exposure have been displaced by competing cohort effects of increasing sexual exposure to human papillomavirus (HPV) infection and subsequent increases in HPV-associated head and neck cancer, particularly oropharyngeal cancer (1). The male predominance of oropharyngeal cancer in the United States is paralleled by a much higher prevalence of oral HPV infection and a stronger relationship between number of sexual partners and oral HPV prevalence in men than women (2). The reason the risk for oral HPV infection differs between men and women remains unclear, particularly because the prevalence of genital HPV infection is similar in both sexes.

中文翻译：

---

揭示人类口服乳头瘤病毒感染的流行病学

在美国，口腔癌的负担至少已经发展了二十年。通过减少人类接触乳头瘤病毒（HPV）感染的性接触和随后增加与人乳头瘤病毒相关的头颈癌，尤其是口咽癌的性接触增加的竞争性队列效应，取代了由减少烟草暴露的时间效应所带来的头颈癌控制收益。 1）。在美国，口咽癌的男性占主导地位的同时，男性口腔口腔HPV感染的发生率要高得多，并且男性的性伴侣数量与口腔HPV患病率之间的关系要强于女性（2）。男女之间口服HPV感染风险不同的原因仍不清楚，特别是因为两性生殖器HPV感染的患病率相似。