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An older woman with spontaneous bruising
The BMJ ( IF 105.7 ) Pub Date : 2017-09-21 , DOI: 10.1136/bmj.j3863
Muhajir Mohamed , Ajay Prakash

An 85 year old woman attended the emergency department with large bruises on her right forearm and left leg, which had appeared four days earlier. She had not sustained any injuries to account for the bruising. There was no bleeding from any other sites. Her only medical history was hypertension. Her medications included amlodipine and calcium supplements and she wasn’t taking aspirin, anticoagulants, or any over-the-counter medications. On examination there were extensive subcutaneous haematomas on the right forearm extending up to the upper arm and on the left leg extending up to the thigh (fig 1, 2⇓). Initial investigations showed low haemoglobin of 95 g/L with a normal platelet count (369 × 109/L). Coagulation assays showed markedly elevated activated partial thromboplastin time of 74 seconds (reference range 25 to 35 seconds). Prothrombin time was normal (12.2 seconds, reference range: 11 to 13 seconds), however, and fibrinogen assay was within normal limits (3.8 g/L, reference range 1.5 to 4.0 g/L). Mixing studies with 1 part of patient’s plasma and 1 part of pooled normal plasma (1:1 mix) showed no correction of elevated activated partial thromboplastin time. Further tests were performed to determine the reason for the elevated activated partial thromboplastin time. Factor assays revealed very low level of factor VIII (<1 IU/dL, reference range 50 – 150 IU/dL), and factors IX, XI, and XII were within normal ranges. Fig 1  Large subcutaneous haematoma in the right forearm extending to the upper arm Fig 2  Extensive subcutaneous haematoma in the left foot …

中文翻译:

自发性瘀伤的老妇

一名85岁的妇女因四天前出现的右前臂和左腿受伤而进入急诊室。她没有受到任何伤害来解决瘀伤。没有其他任何部位的出血。她唯一的病史是高血压。她的药物包括氨氯地平和钙补充剂,她没有服用阿司匹林,抗凝剂或任何非处方药。检查时,右前臂一直延伸到上臂,而左腿一直延伸到大腿(图1、2⇓)。初步研究显示血红蛋白低至95 g / L,血小板计数正常(369×109 / L)。凝血试验显示,活化的部分凝血活酶时间显着增加,为74秒(参考范围为25至35秒)。凝血酶原时间正常(12.2秒,参考范围:11至13秒),而纤维蛋白原测定在正常范围内(3.8 g / L,参考范围1.5至4.0 g / L)。将1份患者血浆和1份合并的正常血浆(1:1混合液)混合进行的研究表明,活化部分凝血活酶时间的升高并未得到纠正。进行了进一步的测试以确定活化的部分凝血活酶时间延长的原因。因子分析显示因子VIII的水平非常低(<1 IU / dL,参考范围50 – 150 IU / dL),并且因子IX,XI和XII在正常范围内。图1右前臂大皮下血肿延伸至上臂图2左脚大面积皮下血肿… 纤维蛋白原测定值在正常范围内(3.8 g / L,参考范围1.5至4.0 g / L)。将1份患者血浆和1份合并的正常血浆(1:1混合液)混合进行的研究表明,活化部分凝血活酶时间的升高并未得到纠正。进行了进一步的测试以确定活化的部分凝血活酶时间延长的原因。因子分析显示因子VIII的水平非常低(<1 IU / dL,参考范围50 – 150 IU / dL),并且因子IX,XI和XII在正常范围内。图1右前臂大皮下血肿延伸至上臂图2左脚大面积皮下血肿… 纤维蛋白原测定值在正常范围内(3.8 g / L,参考范围1.5至4.0 g / L)。将1份患者血浆和1份合并的正常血浆(1:1混合液)混合进行的研究表明,活化部分凝血活酶时间的升高并未得到纠正。进行了进一步的测试以确定活化的部分凝血活酶时间延长的原因。因子分析显示因子VIII的水平非常低(<1 IU / dL,参考范围50 – 150 IU / dL),并且因子IX,XI和XII在正常范围内。图1右前臂大皮下血肿延伸至上臂图2左脚大面积皮下血肿… 1种混合物)未显示出增加的活化部分凝血活酶时间的校正。进行了进一步的测试以确定活化的部分凝血活酶时间延长的原因。因子分析显示因子VIII的水平非常低(<1 IU / dL,参考范围50 – 150 IU / dL),并且因子IX,XI和XII在正常范围内。图1右前臂大皮下血肿延伸至上臂图2左脚大面积皮下血肿… 1种混合物)未显示出增加的活化部分凝血活酶时间的校正。进行了进一步的测试以确定活化的部分凝血活酶时间延长的原因。因子分析显示因子VIII的水平非常低(<1 IU / dL,参考范围50 – 150 IU / dL),并且因子IX,XI和XII在正常范围内。图1右前臂大皮下血肿延伸至上臂图2左脚大面积皮下血肿…
更新日期:2017-09-21
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