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Microfluidic production of nanoscale perfluorocarbon droplets as liquid contrast agents for ultrasound imaging
Lab on a Chip ( IF 6.1 ) Pub Date : 2017-09-14 00:00:00 , DOI: 10.1039/c7lc00056a
Xiaonan Xu 1, 2, 3 , Ruyuan Song 2, 3, 4, 5 , Minghao He 1, 2, 3 , Chuan Peng 6, 7, 8, 9, 10 , Miao Yu 1, 2, 3 , Youmin Hou 1, 2, 3 , Huihe Qiu 1, 2, 3 , Ruhai Zou 6, 7, 8, 9, 10 , Shuhuai Yao 1, 2, 3, 4, 5
Affiliation  

Liquid perfluorocarbon (PFC) nanodroplets may have a better chance to extravasate through inter-endothelial gaps (400–800 nm) into tumor interstitium for extravascular imaging, which holds promise as an innovative strategy for imaging-guided drug delivery, early diagnosis of cancer and minimally invasive treatment of cancer. Currently available emulsion technologies still face challenges in reducing droplet sizes from the microscale to the nanoscale. To control size and ensure monodispersity of PFC nanodroplets, we developed a flame-shaped glass capillary and polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS) hybrid device that creates a concentric flow of the dispersed phase enclosed by the focusing continuous phase at the cross-junction. Through adjustment of the pressure applied, a stable tip-streaming mode can be obtained for PFC nanodroplet generation. Using this device, we synthesized various kinds of PFC nanodroplets as small as 200 nm in diameter with polydispersity index (PDI) <0.04. Dynamic light scattering (DLS) and transmission electron microscopy (TEM) were carried out for the characterization of the PFC nanodroplets. Finally, ultrasound imaging was conducted to demonstrate that the liquid PFC nanodroplets can be used for enhancing the ultrasound contrast upon vaporization.

中文翻译:

微流化生产纳米级全氟化碳液滴作为超声造影剂的液体造影剂

液态全氟化碳(PFC)纳米液滴可能有更好的机会通过内皮间间隙(400-800 nm)渗入肿瘤间质以进行血管外成像,这有望成为一种创新的策略,用于影像引导的药物输送,癌症的早期诊断和治疗。微创治疗癌症。当前可用的乳液技术在将液滴尺寸从微米级减小到纳米级方面仍然面临挑战。为了控制尺寸并确保PFC纳米液滴的单分散性,我们开发了一种火焰形玻璃毛细管和聚二甲基硅氧烷(PDMS)混合装置,该装置可在交叉点处形成由聚焦连续相包围的分散相同心流动。通过调节所施加的压力,可以获得用于PFC纳米液滴生成的稳定的尖端流模式。使用该装置,我们合成了各种直径小于200 nm的PFC纳米液滴,其多分散指数(PDI)<0.04。进行动态光散射(DLS)和透射电子显微镜(TEM)表征PFC纳米液滴。最后,进行超声成像以证明液态PFC纳米液滴可用于增强汽化后的超声对比度。
更新日期:2017-09-21
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