Abstract The material studied is a commercially available 316LVM stainless steel with an initial grain size of 30 μm. To refine the microstructure down to the nanoscale, hot (at 1000 °C) and room temperature hydrostatic extrusion were applied with a total true strain of 1.4. An annealed sample with coarse grains of 35 μm in diameter was used as a reference sample. The results indicate that after hot hydrostatic extrusion, the microstructure consisted mainly of cells with tangled dislocation walls, while after room temperature hydrostatic extrusion, twins of various width and shear bands could be distinguished. Hydrostatic extrusion is also an efficient way to tailor the corrosion resistance and mechanical properties of 316LVM stainless steel. Performed at room temperature, hydrostatic extrusion resulted in an ultra-high-strength material with limited but sufficient ductility. Performed at high temperature, hydrostatic extrusion resulted in a material with a very good combination of strength (approximately 900 MPa) and ductility (elongation to failure higher than 20%). Both hydrostatically extruded steels maintained good passivation behavior in 0.1 M H 2 SO 4 . In the presence of chloride ions, susceptibility to localized attack increased for the steel extruded at room temperature, but did not change for the hot-extruded steel.

中文翻译：

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静压挤压加工超细晶粒奥氏体不锈钢的力学性能和耐腐蚀性能

摘要 研究的材料是市售的 316LVM 不锈钢，初始晶粒尺寸为 30 μm。为了将微观结构细化到纳米级，应用热（1000°C）和室温静水挤压，总真实应变为 1.4。将具有直径为 35 μm 的粗晶粒的退火样品用作参考样品。结果表明，热静压挤压后，显微组织主要由具有缠结位错壁的胞室组成，而室温静压挤压后，可以区分出不同宽度和剪切带的孪晶。静压挤压也是定制 316LVM 不锈钢耐腐蚀性和机械性能的有效方法。在室温下进行，流体静力挤压产生了具有有限但足够延展性的超高强度材料。在高温下进行流体静力挤压产生了一种强度（约 900 兆帕）和延展性（断裂伸长率高于 20%）的材料。两种静压挤压钢在 0.1 MH 2 SO 4 中均保持良好的钝化行为。在氯离子存在下，室温下挤压的钢对局部腐蚀的敏感性增加，但热挤压钢的敏感性没有变化。两种静压挤压钢在 0.1 MH 2 SO 4 中均保持良好的钝化行为。在氯离子存在下，室温下挤压的钢对局部腐蚀的敏感性增加，但热挤压钢的敏感性没有变化。两种静压挤压钢在 0.1 MH 2 SO 4 中均保持良好的钝化行为。在氯离子存在下，室温下挤压的钢对局部腐蚀的敏感性增加，但热挤压钢的敏感性没有变化。