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Coupling Climate Conditions, Sediment Sources and Sediment Transport in an Alpine Basin
Land Degradation & Development ( IF 4.7 ) Pub Date : 2017-10-13 , DOI: 10.1002/ldr.2813
Riccardo Rainato 1 , Lorenzo Picco 1, 2 , Marco Cavalli 3 , Luca Mao 4 , Andrew J. Neverman 5 , Paolo Tarolli 1
Affiliation  

In a fluvial system, mountain basins control sediment export to the lowland rivers. Hence, analysis of erosion processes and sediment delivery patterns in mountain basins is a key factor for many applications such as land‐use management, hazard assessment and infrastructure design. Several studies have investigated the alterations triggered by recent climatic change on the hydrological regime, while only a few works have explored the consequences on fluvial sediment dynamics. Here, we combined and analyzed the quasi‐unique dataset of climatic conditions, landform response and sediment export produced, since 1986 in the Rio Cordon basin (5 km2, Eastern Italian Alps) to examine the sediment delivery processes occurring in the last 3 decades. The temperature, precipitation and fluvial sediment fluxes in the basin were analyzed using continuous measurement executed by a permanent monitoring station, while the evolution of sediment source areas was investigated using three sediment source inventories. The results showed that during the period 1986–1993 the sediment fluxes (339 Mg yr−1) reflected the stable trend of the climatic conditions. The period between the first and second source inventory (i.e. 1994–2006) was characterized by climatic fluctuations and by the occurrence of high magnitude floods. Nevertheless, a limited increase in the extent of sediment source areas was detected, suggesting that the increased sediment export (759 Mg yr−1) was mainly driven by in‐channel sediment supply. Notwithstanding the marked climate warming and the increased precipitation, a weak source area evolution and a reduction in sediment export (237 Mg yr−1) were observed during the period 2007–2015. In particular, the higher rainfall did not result in an intensification of flood events, stressing the absence of hillslope‐channel connectivity.

中文翻译:

高寒盆地气候条件、沉积物来源和沉积物运移的耦合

在河流系统中,山地盆地控制着向低地河流输送的沉积物。因此,分析山地盆地的侵蚀过程和沉积物输送模式是土地利用管理、灾害评估和基础设施设计等许多应用的关键因素。几项研究调查了近期气候变化对水文状况所引发的变化,而只有少数研究探讨了对河流沉积物动力学的影响。在这里,我们结合并分析了自 1986 年以来在 Rio Cordon 盆地(5 平方公里,意大利东部阿尔卑斯山)产生的气候条件、地形响应和沉积物输出的准独特数据集,以检查过去 3 年发生的沉积物输送过程。气温,流域内的降水和河流沉积物通量使用永久性监测站执行的连续测量进行分析,同时使用三个沉积物源清单调查沉积物源区的演变。结果表明,1986-1993年期间,沉积物通量(339 Mg yr-1)反映了气候条件的稳定趋势。第一次和第二次源清单之间的时期(即 1994-2006 年)的特点是气候波动和大洪水的发生。然而,检测到沉积物源区范围的有限增加,表明沉积物出口的增加(759 Mg yr-1)主要是由河道内沉积物供应驱动的。尽管气候明显变暖和降水增加,在 2007-2015 年期间观察到弱源区演变和沉积物出口减少(237 Mg yr-1)。特别是,较高的降雨量并没有导致洪水事件的加剧,强调了山坡与河道之间缺乏连通性。
更新日期:2017-10-13
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