Irrigation with treated wastewater (TWW) and application of biosolids to arable land expose the agro-environment to pharmaceuticals and personal care products (PPCPs) which can be taken up by crops. In this project, we studied the effect of a carrier medium (e.g., biosolids and TWW) on plant (tomato, wheat and lettuce) uptake, translocation and metabolism of carbamazepine as a model for non-ionic PPCPs. Plant uptake and bioconcentration factors were significantly lower in soils amended with biosolids compared to soils irrigated with TWW. In soils amended with biosolids and irrigated with TWW, the bioavailability of carbamazepine for plant uptake was moderately decreased as compared to plants grown in soils irrigated with TWW alone. While TWW acts as a continuous source of PPCPs, biosolids act both as a source and a sink for these compounds. Moreover, it appears that decomposition of the biosolids in the soil after amendment enhances their adsorptive properties, which in turn reduces the bioavailability of PPCPs in the soil environment. In-plant metabolism of carbamazepine was found to be independent of environmental factors, such as soil type, carrier medium, and absolute amount implemented to the soil, but was controlled by the total amount taken up by the plant.

用处理过的废水（TWW）灌溉和将生物固体应用于耕地会使农业环境暴露于可被农作物吸收的药品和个人护理产品（PPCP）。在该项目中，我们研究了卡马西平作为非离子PPCPs模型的载体（例如生物固体和TWW）对植物（番茄，小麦和生菜）摄取，转运和代谢的影响。与用TWW灌溉的土壤相比，用生物固体改良的土壤中的植物吸收和生物富集系数显着较低。与仅用TWW灌溉的土壤中生长的植物相比，在用生物固体改良并通过TWW灌溉的土壤中，卡马西平的植物吸收生物利用度有所降低。尽管TWW一直是PPCP的连续来源，但生物固体既是这些化合物的来源，也可以是这些化合物的汇。此外，看来改性后土壤中的生物固体的分解会增强其吸附性能，进而降低土壤环境中PPCP的生物利用度。发现卡马西平在植物中的代谢与环境因素无关，例如土壤类型，载体介质和施于土壤的绝对量，但受植物吸收的总量控制。