The oral mucosal barrier is constantly exposed to a plethora of triggers requiring immune control, including a diverse commensal microbiome, ongoing damage from mastication, and dietary and airborne antigens. However, how these tissue-specific cues participate in the training of immune responsiveness at this site is minimally understood. Moreover, the mechanisms mediating homeostatic immunity at this interface are not yet fully defined. Here we present basic aspects of the oral mucosal barrier and discuss local cues that may modulate and train local immune responsiveness. We particularly focus on the immune cell network mediating immune surveillance at a specific oral barrier, the gingiva – a constantly stimulated and dynamic environment where homeostasis is often disrupted, resulting in the common inflammatory disease periodontitis.

中文翻译：

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口腔黏膜屏障的组织特异性免疫

口腔粘膜屏障不断暴露于需要免疫控制的多种触发因素，包括多种共生微生物组，咀嚼不断造成的损害以及饮食和空气传播的抗原。然而，对这些组织特异性线索如何参与该部位免疫应答的训练的了解却很少。此外，在该界面上介导稳态免疫的机制尚未完全定义。在这里，我们介绍了口腔粘膜屏障的基本方面，并讨论了可能调节和训练局部免疫反应性的局部提示。我们特别关注在特定的口腔屏障（牙龈）上介导免疫监视的免疫细胞网络-不断刺激的动态环境，体内稳态经常被破坏，从而导致常见的炎症性牙周炎。