Highly ordered interactions between immune and metabolic responses are evolutionarily conserved and paramount for tissue and organismal health. Disruption of these interactions underlies the emergence of many pathologies, particularly chronic non-communicable diseases such as obesity and diabetes. Here, we examine decades of research identifying the complex immunometabolic signaling networks and the cellular and molecular events that occur in the setting of altered nutrient and energy exposures and offer a historical perspective. Furthermore, we describe recent advances such as the discovery that a broad complement of immune cells play a role in immunometabolism and the emerging evidence that nutrients and metabolites modulate inflammatory pathways. Lastly, we discuss how this work may eventually lead to tangible therapeutic advancements to promote health.

免疫和代谢反应之间高度有序的相互作用在进化上是保守的，对于组织和机体健康至关重要。破坏这些相互作用的基础是许多病理学的出现，尤其是诸如肥胖症和糖尿病之类的慢性非传染性疾病。在这里，我们检查了数十年的研究，这些研究确定了复杂的免疫代谢信号网络以及在营养物和能量暴露发生变化的情况下发生的细胞和分子事件，并提供了历史性的见解。此外，我们描述了最近的进展，例如发现广泛的免疫细胞在免疫代谢中起作用，以及营养和代谢物调节炎症途径的新兴证据。最后，