A rapid, sensitive, and reliable ultra-fast liquid chromatography combined with electrospray ionization tandem mass spectrometry (UFLC-ESI-MS/MS) method was established and applied to simultaneous determination of 31 triazine herbicides and their metabolites in multiple medicinal parts of traditional Chinese medicines (TCMs). A streamlined pretreatment approach using one-step extraction and dilution was proposed, which provided high-throughput processing, excellent recovery, and negligible interference. Afterwards, multiple-reaction monitoring (MRM) and information-dependent acquisition (IDA) triggered enhanced product ion spectra (EPI) was adopted to identify and quantify the targets in a single analysis. The optimized method was then validated according to the guidelines of the European Commission for the following parameters: Matrix effects, specificity, accuracy, precision, linearity, range, and stability. The LOD and LOQ for the 31 triazine herbicides were 0.1–10 μg kg⁻¹ and 0.5–25 μg kg⁻¹, respectively. Recoveries at three concentration levels were within 67.9–120.3% with an associated precision RSD <20%. Using the proposed approach, trazines herbicides were determined from 44 commercially available TCMs. The detection rate of triazine herbicides residues was 15.9% of the total samples. Among them, atrazine, simeton, and simetryn were found in the radix, herba, and seed TCMs with values far below the referenced maximum residue limits (MRLs), but no residues were detected in either the flos or fructus. Taken together, this method has the potential to provide a means for triazines screening in extensive matrices, thereby laying the foundation for pesticide registration on TCMs. Moreover, it has the potential to guide further triazine residue control in TCMs.

中文翻译：

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简化的前处理和UFLC-ESI-MS / MS测定中药多种药物中的三嗪类除草剂及其代谢物

建立了一种快速，灵敏，可靠的超快速液相色谱-电喷雾串联质谱法（UFLC-ESI-MS / MS），该方法可同时测定中药中多种药物中的31种三嗪类除草剂及其代谢物药品（TCM）。提出了一种使用一步提取和稀释的简化预处理方法，该方法提供了高通量的处理，优异的回收率和可忽略的干扰。之后，采用多反应监测（MRM）和信息依赖采集（IDA）触发了增强的产物离子谱（EPI），以在一次分析中鉴定和定量目标。然后根据欧洲委员会的指导原则针对以下参数对优化方法进行了验证：基质效应，特异性，准确性，精确度，线性，范围和稳定性。31种三嗪类除草剂的LOD和LOQ为0.1–10μgkg^-1和0.5–25μgkg ^-1。三种浓度水平下的回收率在67.9–120.3％之内，相关的精密度RSD <20％。使用提出的方法，从44种市售TCM中确定了特拉津除草剂。三嗪类除草剂残留的检出率为总样品的15.9％。其中，在基，草和种子中药中发现了r去津，西美通和simetryn，其值远低于参考的最大残留限量（MRL），但在絮状或果渣中均未检测到残留。综上所述，该方法有可能为广泛的基质中三嗪的筛选提供一种手段，从而为中药上农药注册奠定基础。此外，它具有指导中药中三嗪残留物进一步控制的潜力。