Cationic polymerization of two styrene derivatives containing carbazole moiety with different linking topology, 9-(4-vinylphenyl)carbazole (M1) and 3-(4-vinylphenyl)-9-ethylcarbazole (M2), using 1-chloro-1-phenylethane (PhEtCl)/SnCl₄ initiating system has been investigated. It was shown that polymerization of M1, which is characterized by higher electron density on the carbon at the 3 position of carbazolyl group than on vinyl group, proceeds predominantly via step-growth (SG) pathway through addition of protonated monomer/oligomers to 3-position of carbazolyl group (electrophilic aromatic substitution). On the contrary, M2, in which 3-position of carbazolyl group is protected via introduction of 4-vinylphenyl group, polymerized predominantly via chain-growth (CG) pathway through addition of carbocation to double bond of monomer. The polymers synthesized via SG mechanism showed different photophysical characteristics in comparison with corresponding monomer, while in case of polymers prepared via CG mechanism the polymer and monomer have the same absorption and fluorescence profiles.

使用1-氯-1-苯基乙烷（9-（4-乙烯基苯基）咔唑（M1）和3-（4-乙烯基苯基）-9-乙基咔唑（M2）的两种含咔唑结构不同的连接拓扑的苯乙烯衍生物的阳离子聚合）已研究了PhEtCl）/ SnCl ₄引发体系。结果表明，M1的聚合反应的特征在于，咔唑基3位碳上的电子密度高于乙烯基，而M1的聚合主要通过逐步增长（SG）途径进行，该过程是将质子化的单体/低聚物添加到3-咔唑基的位置（亲电子芳族取代）。相反，M2，其中咔唑基的3位通过引入4-乙烯基苯基得到保护，主要通过链增长（CG）途径聚合，通过向单体的双键中添加碳正离子进行聚合。与相应的单体相比，通过SG机理合成的聚合物表现出不同的光物理特性，而在通过CG机理制备的聚合物的情况下，聚合物和单体具有相同的吸收和荧光特性。