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Synthesis and Applications of Stimuli‐Responsive DNA‐Based Nano‐ and Micro‐Sized Capsules
Advanced Functional Materials ( IF 19.0 ) Pub Date : 2017-09-18 , DOI: 10.1002/adfm.201702732
Wei-Ching Liao 1 , Itamar Willner 1
Affiliation  

Stimuli‐responsive, drug‐loaded, DNA‐based nano‐ and micro‐capsules attract scientific interest as signal‐triggered carriers for controlled drug release. The methods to construct the nano‐/micro‐capsules involve i) the layer‐by‐layer deposition of signal‐reconfigurable DNA shells on drug‐loaded microparticles acting as templates, followed by dissolution of the core templates; ii) the assembly of three‐dimensional capsules composed of reconfigurable DNA origami units; and iii) the synthesis of stimuli‐responsive drug‐loaded capsules stabilized by DNA−polymer hydrogels. Triggers to unlock the nano‐/micro‐capsules include enzymes, pH, light, aptamer−ligand complexes, and redox agents. The capsules are loaded with fluorescent polymers, metal nanoparticles, proteins or semiconductor quantum dots as drug models, with anti‐cancer drugs, e.g., doxorubicin, or with antibodies inhibiting cellular networks or enzymes over‐expressed in cancer cells. The mechanisms for unlocking the nano‐/micro‐capsules and releasing the drugs are discussed, and the applications of the stimuli‐responsive nano‐/micro‐capsules as sense‐and‐treat systems are addressed. The scientific challenges and future perspectives of nano‐capsules and micro‐capsules in nanomedicine are highlighted.

中文翻译:

基于刺激反应的DNA的纳米和微型胶囊的合成与应用

刺激响应的,载有药物的,基于DNA的纳米和微胶囊作为控制药物释放的信号触发载体而引起了科学兴趣。构造纳米/微胶囊的方法包括:i)将可信号重构的DNA壳层逐层沉积在用作模板的载药微粒上,然后溶解核心模板;ii)组装由可重构DNA折纸单元组成的三维胶囊;iii)由DNA聚合物水凝胶稳定的刺激刺激性载药胶囊的合成。解锁纳米/微胶囊的触发因素包括酶,pH,光,适体-配体复合物和氧化还原剂。胶囊中装有荧光聚合物,金属纳米颗粒,蛋白质或半导体量子点(作为药物模型)以及抗癌药物(如阿霉素,或与抑制癌细胞中过量表达的细胞网络或酶的抗体结合使用。讨论了解锁纳米/微胶囊和释放药物的机制,并讨论了刺激响应的纳米/微胶囊作为感官和治疗系统的应用。重点介绍了纳米药物和纳米胶囊在纳米医学中的科学挑战和未来前景。
更新日期:2017-09-18
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