The spontaneous emergence of vector vortex beams with nonuniform polarization distribution is reported in a vertical-cavity surface-emitting laser (VCSEL) with frequency-selective feedback. Antivortices with a hyperbolic polarization structure and radially polarized vortices are demonstrated. They exist close to and partially coexist with vortices with uniform and nonuniform polarization distributions characterized by four domains of pairwise orthogonal polarization. The spontaneous formation of these nontrivial structures in a simple, nearly isotropic VCSEL system is remarkable and the vector vortices are argued to have solitonlike properties.

中文翻译：

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具有反馈的垂直腔面发射激光器中矢量涡旋光束的自发形成

在具有频率选择反馈的垂直腔面发射激光器（VCSEL）中，报告了具有不均匀偏振分布的矢量涡旋光束的自发出现。具有双曲极化结构的反涡和径向极化的涡被证明。它们与具有均匀和不均匀极化分布的涡流接近并部分共存，这些涡流具有四个成对的正交极化域。在简单的，几乎各向同性的VCSEL系统中，这些非平凡结构的自发形成是显着的，并且矢量涡旋被认为具有类孤子性质。