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Inflammatory Cardiomyopathic Syndromes
Circulation Research ( IF 20.1 ) Pub Date : 2017-09-15 , DOI: 10.1161/circresaha.117.310221
Barry H. Trachtenberg 1 , Joshua M. Hare 1
Affiliation  

Inflammatory activation occurs in nearly all forms of myocardial injury. In contrast, inflammatory cardiomyopathies refer to a diverse group of disorders in which inflammation of the heart (or myocarditis) is the proximate cause of myocardial dysfunction, causing injury that can range from a fully recoverable syndrome to one that leads to chronic remodeling and dilated cardiomyopathy. The most common cause of inflammatory cardiomyopathies in developed countries is lymphocytic myocarditis most commonly caused by a viral pathogenesis. In Latin America, cardiomyopathy caused by Chagas disease is endemic. The true incidence of myocarditis is unknown to the limited utilization and the poor sensitivity of endomyocardial biopsies (especially for patchy diseases such as lymphocytic myocarditis and sarcoidosis) using the gold-standard Dallas criteria. Emerging immunohistochemistry criteria and molecular diagnostic techniques are being developed that will improve diagnostic yield, provide additional clues into the pathophysiology, and offer an application of precision medicine to these important syndromes. Immunosuppression is recommended for patients with cardiac sarcoidosis, giant cell myocarditis, and myocarditis associated with connective tissue disorders and may be beneficial in chronic viral myocarditis once virus is cleared. Further trials of immunosuppression, antiviral, and immunomodulating therapies are needed. Together, with new molecular-based diagnostics and therapies tailored to specific pathogeneses, the outcome of patients with these disorders may improve.


中文翻译:

炎症性心肌病综合征

炎症激活几乎发生在所有形式的心肌损伤中。相反,炎症性心肌病是指多种疾病,其中心脏(或心肌炎)的炎症是心肌功能障碍的近因,导致的损伤范围从完全可恢复的综合征到导致慢性重塑和扩张型心肌病的损伤。 。在发达国家,炎症性心肌病的最常见原因是淋巴细胞性心肌炎,最常见的原因是病毒性发病机理。在拉丁美洲,恰加斯病引起的心肌病是地方病。根据达拉斯金标准,心肌内膜活检的利用率有限和敏感性差(尤其是对于斑块状疾病,如淋巴细胞性心肌炎和结节病)的敏感性和心肌炎的真正发病率尚不清楚。正在开发新兴的免疫组织化学标准和分子诊断技术,这些标准将提高诊断率,为病理生理提供更多线索,并为这些重要的综合症提供精密医学的应用。建议对患有心脏结节病,巨细胞心肌炎和与结缔组织疾病有关的心肌炎的患者进行免疫抑制,一旦清除病毒,可能对慢性病毒性心肌炎有益。需要进一步的免疫抑制,抗病毒和免疫调节疗法试验。结合针对特定病原体的新的基于分子的新诊断方法和疗法,这些疾病患者的预后可能会得到改善。提供了有关病理生理学的其他线索,并为这些重要的综合症提供了精确医学的应用。建议对患有心脏结节病,巨细胞心肌炎和与结缔组织疾病相关的心肌炎的患者进行免疫抑制,一旦清除病毒,可能对慢性病毒性心肌炎有益。需要进一步的免疫抑制,抗病毒和免疫调节疗法试验。结合针对特定病原体的新的基于分子的新诊断方法和疗法,这些疾病患者的预后可能会得到改善。提供了有关病理生理学的其他线索,并为这些重要的综合症提供了精确医学的应用。建议对患有心脏结节病,巨细胞心肌炎和与结缔组织疾病相关的心肌炎的患者进行免疫抑制,一旦清除病毒,可能对慢性病毒性心肌炎有益。需要进一步的免疫抑制,抗病毒和免疫调节疗法试验。结合针对特定病原体的新的基于分子的新诊断方法和疗法,这些疾病患者的预后可能会得到改善。与结缔组织疾病有关的心肌炎,一旦病毒清除,可能对慢性病毒性心肌炎有益。需要进一步的免疫抑制,抗病毒和免疫调节疗法试验。结合针对特定病原体的新的基于分子的新诊断方法和疗法,这些疾病患者的预后可能会得到改善。与结缔组织疾病有关的心肌炎,一旦病毒清除,可能对慢性病毒性心肌炎有益。需要进一步的免疫抑制,抗病毒和免疫调节疗法试验。结合针对特定病原体的新的基于分子的新诊断方法和疗法,这些疾病患者的预后可能会得到改善。
更新日期:2017-09-15
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