The design of the hierarchically tailored 4.4 nm nanoparticles was based on the alternation between undoped and Ln(III)-doped layers (Ln(III) = Eu(III), Tb(III)), ensuring the isolation of different Ln(III) ions in order to prevent energy transfers between them, which may lead to long-term loss of quality of the emission due to one-sided cascading of the excitation energy to a single emitter. Photoluminescence emission and excitation spectra have shown the importance of this design in obtaining white light: for the alternating layer design there is no energy transfer between Tb(III) and Eu(III) ions, and emission spectra with λ_exc = 260 nm of Tb(III),Eu(III)-codoped ZrO₂ nanoparticles over a ZnO-coated silica host show a combination of Tb(III) green, Eu(III) red, and silica defect blue emissions resulting in pure white emission, and warm white with an additional Eu(III)-doped layer. While the ZnO coating layer was vital in improving Eu(III) emission intensity by suppression of SiO₂ surface (−OH) oscillators, nanoparticles constructed with gradually fewer features of the main hierarchical nanostructure resulted in Tb(III) → Eu(III) energy transfers, and loss of fine control over the final emission color.

中文翻译：

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掺杂Ln（III）的ZrO ₂纳米粒子中的多层核@多壳纳米结构在获得白光发射中的重要性。

分层定制的4.4 nm纳米颗粒的设计基于未掺杂和Ln（III）掺杂层之间的交替（Ln（III）= Eu（III），Tb（III）），从而确保了不同Ln（III）的分离离子以防止它们之间的能量转移，这可能由于激发能的一侧级联到单个发射器而导致发射质量的长期损失。光致发光发射光谱和激发光谱已表明该设计在获得白光方面的重要性：对于交替层设计，Tb（III）和Eu（III）离子之间没有能量转移，发射光谱的_λexc = 260 nm Tb （III），Eu（III）掺杂的ZrO ₂涂覆有ZnO的二氧化硅基质上的纳米颗粒显示出Tb（III）绿色，Eu（III）红色和二氧化硅缺陷蓝色发射的组合，从而导致纯白色发射，而暖白色带有附加的Eu（III）掺杂层。尽管ZnO涂层通过抑制SiO ₂表面（-OH）振荡器对提高Eu（III）的发射强度至关重要，但纳米颗粒具有逐渐减小的主要层级纳米结构特征却导致Tb（III）→Eu（III）能量转移，失去对最终发射颜色的精细控制。