Foam generation is one of the most promising techniques to overcome gas mobility challenges and improve the sweep efficiency of reservoir fluids. The synergistic effect of surfactant and nanoparticles can help produce a stronger and more stable foam in reservoir porous media. The objective of this work is to assess the ability of anionic surfactant and a mixture of the surfactant and nanoparticles to produce foam for gas mobility control and the enhancement of oil recovery. Static, dynamic, and core flood tests were conducted to evaluate foam strength. Static foam tests in the presence of crude oil showed a clear trend on foam behavior when solid nanoparticles were added to surfactant. As the concentration of nanoparticles increases, the foam half-life increases, too. Foamability tests in Bentheimer sandstone showed better foam generation and stabilization when nanoparticles were used. The addition of nanoaprticles to surfactant solutions resulted in higher pressure drop and, therefore, higher reduction of gas mobility compared to surfactant. The rise in temperature from 25 to 50 °C reduces the measured pressure drop across the core samples in the absence and presence of nanoparticles, which can be attributed to the reduction in foam stability and strength. Both surfactant and a mixture of surfactant and nanoparticles were able to enhance oil recovery. The surfactant was able to bring the oil recovery to 41.45% of the original oil in place (OOIP). In contrast, the presence of nanoparticles resulted in higher oil recovery, 49.05%, of the OOIP.

中文翻译：

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通过使用纳米颗粒增强泡沫的稳定性

产生泡沫是克服气体流动性挑战并提高储层流体驱油效率的最有前途的技术之一。表面活性剂和纳米颗粒的协同作用可以帮助在储层多孔介质中产生更强，更稳定的泡沫。这项工作的目的是评估阴离子表面活性剂以及表面活性剂和纳米颗粒混合物产生泡沫的能力，以控制气体流动性并提高采油率。进行了静态，动态和岩心洪水测试以评估泡沫强度。当将固体纳米颗粒添加到表面活性剂中时，在原油存在下的静态泡沫测试显示出明显的泡沫行为趋势。随着纳米颗粒浓度的增加，泡沫的半衰期也增加。在Bentheimer砂岩中进行的泡沫测试表明，使用纳米颗粒时，泡沫的产生和稳定性更好。与表面活性剂相比，向表面活性剂溶液中添加纳米化合物导致更高的压降，并因此导致更高的气体迁移率降低。温度从25上升到50°C会减少在不存在和存在纳米颗粒的情况下测得的整个核心样品的压降，这可归因于泡沫稳定性和强度的降低。表面活性剂以及表面活性剂和纳米颗粒的混合物均能够提高油采收率。表面活性剂能够使采油量达到原位采油量（OOIP）的41.45％。相反，纳米颗粒的存在导致了OOIP的更高的油回收率，为49.05％。与表面活性剂相比，向表面活性剂溶液中添加纳米化合物导致更高的压降，并因此导致更高的气体迁移率降低。温度从25上升到50°C会减少在不存在和存在纳米颗粒的情况下测得的整个核心样品的压降，这可归因于泡沫稳定性和强度的降低。表面活性剂以及表面活性剂和纳米颗粒的混合物均能够提高油采收率。表面活性剂能够使采油量达到原位采油量（OOIP）的41.45％。相比之下，纳米颗粒的存在导致了更高的石油采收率，达到了OOIP的49.05％。与表面活性剂相比，向表面活性剂溶液中添加纳米化合物导致更高的压降，因此导致气体迁移率的降低更大。温度从25上升到50°C会减少在不存在和存在纳米颗粒的情况下测得的整个核心样品的压降，这可归因于泡沫稳定性和强度的降低。表面活性剂以及表面活性剂和纳米颗粒的混合物均能够提高油采收率。表面活性剂能够使采油量达到原位采油量（OOIP）的41.45％。相比之下，纳米颗粒的存在导致了更高的石油采收率，达到了OOIP的49.05％。温度从25上升到50°C会减少在不存在和存在纳米颗粒的情况下测得的整个核心样品的压降，这可归因于泡沫稳定性和强度的降低。表面活性剂以及表面活性剂和纳米颗粒的混合物均能够提高油采收率。表面活性剂能够使采油量达到原位采油量（OOIP）的41.45％。相比之下，纳米颗粒的存在导致了更高的石油采收率，达到了OOIP的49.05％。温度从25上升到50°C会减少在不存在和存在纳米颗粒的情况下测得的整个核心样品的压降，这可归因于泡沫稳定性和强度的降低。表面活性剂以及表面活性剂和纳米颗粒的混合物均能够提高油采收率。表面活性剂能够使采油量达到原位采油量（OOIP）的41.45％。相比之下，纳米颗粒的存在导致了更高的石油采收率，达到了OOIP的49.05％。到位原始油的45％（OOIP）。相比之下，纳米颗粒的存在导致了更高的石油采收率，达到了OOIP的49.05％。到位原始油的45％（OOIP）。相比之下，纳米颗粒的存在导致了更高的石油采收率，达到了OOIP的49.05％。