In the last few years, ship emissions have attracted growing attention in the scientific community. The main reason is the constant increase of marine emissions over the last twenty years due to the intensification of port traffic. Thus, this study aimed to evaluate ship emissions (PM₁₀, PM_2.5, NO_x, SO₂, CO, CO₂, N₂O CH₄, NMVOC, and HC) through the activity-based methodology in four of the main ports of Portugal (Leixões, Setúbal, Sines and Viana do Castelo) during 2013 and 2014. The analysis was performed according to ship types (bulk carrier, container, general cargo, passenger, Ro-Ro cargo, tanker and others) and operational modes (manoeuvring, hotelling and during cruising). Results indicated that tankers were the largest emitters in two of the four analysed ports. Regarding cruising emissions, container ships were the largest emitters. . CO₂, NO_x and SO₂ estimated emissions represented more than 95% of the cruising and in-port emissions. Results were also compared with the total national emissions reported by the Portuguese Environment Agency, and if the in-port emissions estimated in the present study would have been taken into account to these totals, emissions of NO_x and SO₂ would increase 15% and 24% in 2013 and 16% and 28% in 2014. Summing up ships seem to be an important source of air pollution, mainly regarding NO_x and SO₂.

在过去的几年中，船舶排放物在科学界引起了越来越多的关注。主要原因是由于港口交通量的增加，近二十年来海洋排放量不断增加。因此，本研究旨在评估船舶排放物（PM ₁₀，PM _2.5，NO _x，SO ₂，CO，CO ₂，N ₂ O CH ₄，NMVOC和HC）在2013年和2014年期间通过基于活动的方法在葡萄牙的四个主要港口（莱克斯õ斯，塞图巴尔，辛内斯和维亚纳杜卡斯特洛）进行了分析。分析是根据船舶类型（散货船，集装箱，普通货物，客运，滚装货物，油轮及其他）和操作方式（机动操作，旅馆住宿和巡航期间）。结果表明，油轮是四个分析港口中两个港口的最大排放者。关于巡航排放，集装箱船是最大的排放者。。CO ₂，NO _x和SO ₂估计的排放量占巡航和港口排放量的95％以上。还将结果与葡萄牙环境局报告的国家总排放量进行了比较，如果将本研究中估计的港口内排放量考虑在内，则NO _x和SO _2的排放量将增加15％，而2013年占24％，2014年占16％和28％。总结船舶似乎是重要的空气污染源，主要是关于NO _x和SO ₂。