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A Cap-to-Tail Guide to mRNA Translation Strategies in Virus-Infected Cells
Annual Review of Virology ( IF 11.3 ) Pub Date : 2016-10-14 00:00:00 , DOI: 10.1146/annurev-virology-100114-055014
Eric Jan 1 , Ian Mohr 2 , Derek Walsh 3
Affiliation  

Although viruses require cellular functions to replicate, their absolute dependence upon the host translation machinery to produce polypeptides indispensable for their reproduction is most conspicuous. Despite their incredible diversity, the mRNAs produced by all viruses must engage cellular ribosomes. This has proven to be anything but a passive process and has revealed a remarkable array of tactics for rapidly subverting control over and dominating cellular regulatory pathways that influence translation initiation, elongation, and termination. Besides enforcing viral mRNA translation, these processes profoundly impact host cell-intrinsic immune defenses at the ready to deny foreign mRNA access to ribosomes and block protein synthesis. Finally, genome size constraints have driven the evolution of resourceful strategies for maximizing viral coding capacity. Here, we review the amazing strategies that work to regulate translation in virus-infected cells, highlighting both virus-specific tactics and the tremendous insight they provide into fundamental translational control mechanisms in health and disease.

中文翻译:


病毒感染细胞中mRNA翻译策略的从尾到尾的指南

尽管病毒需要细胞功能来复制,但是它们对宿主翻译机制的绝对依赖性是产生其繁殖必不可少的多肽的最明显方式。尽管它们具有令人难以置信的多样性,但所有病毒产生的mRNA都必须与细胞核糖体结合。事实证明,这只是被动过程,它揭示了一系列显着的策略,可以迅速颠覆控制并主导影响翻译起始,延伸和终止的细胞调节途径。这些过程除了加强病毒mRNA的翻译外,还深刻地影响了宿主细胞内在的免疫防御,随时准备阻止外来的mRNA进入核糖体并阻止蛋白质的合成。最后,基因组大小的限制已经推动了最大化病毒编码能力的机智策略的发展。在这里,我们回顾了调控病毒感染细胞翻译的惊人策略,重点介绍了病毒特有的策略及其对健康和疾病基本翻译控制机制的深刻见解。

更新日期:2016-10-14
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