We synthesized LiMnPO₄/C with an ordered olivine structure by using a microwave-assisted polyol process in 2:15 (v/v) water–diethylene glycol mixed solvents at 130 °C for 30 min. We also studied how three surfactants—hexadecyltrimethylammonium bromide, polyvinylpyrrolidone k30 (PVPk30), and polyvinylpyrrolidone k90 (PVPk90)—affected the structure, morphology, and performance of the prepared samples, characterizing them by using X-ray diffraction, scanning electron microscopy, transmission electron microscopy, charge/discharge tests, and electrochemical impedance spectroscopy. All the samples prepared with or without surfactant had orthorhombic structures with the Pnmb space group. Surfactant molecules may have acted as crystal-face inhibitors to adjust the oriented growth, morphology, and particle size of LiMnPO₄. The microwave effects could accelerate the reaction and nucleation rates of LiMnPO₄ at a lower reaction temperature. The LiMnPO₄/C sample prepared with PVPk30 exhibited a flaky structure coated with a carbon layer (∼2 nm thick), and it delivered a discharge capacity of 126 mAh/g with a capacity retention ratio of ∼99.9% after 50 cycles at 1C. Even at 5C, this sample still had a high discharge capacity of 110 mAh/g, demonstrating good rate performance and cycle performance. The improved performance of LiMnPO₄ likely came from its nanoflake structure and the thin carbon layer coating its LiMnPO₄ particles. Compared with the conventional polyol method, the microwave-assisted polyol method had a much lower reaction time.

我们使用微波辅助多元醇工艺，在130°C下以2:15（v / v）的水-二甘醇混合溶剂合成了有序橄榄石结构的LiMnPO ₄ / C。我们还研究了十六烷基三甲基溴化铵，聚乙烯吡咯烷酮k30（PVPk30）和聚乙烯吡咯烷酮k90（PVPk90）这三种表面活性剂如何影响所制备样品的结构，形态和性能，并通过X射线衍射，扫描电子显微镜，透射电镜对其进行了表征。电子显微镜，充电/放电测试和电化学阻抗谱。所有有或没有表面活性剂制备的样品均具有Pnmb的正交结构空间群。表面活性剂分子可能已经充当了晶面抑制剂，以调节LiMnPO ₄的定向生长，形态和粒径。微波效应可以在较低的反应温度下加速LiMnPO ₄的反应和成核速率。用PVPk30制备的LiMnPO ₄ / C样品呈现出薄片状结构，表面覆盖有碳层（约2 nm厚），在1C下经过50次循环后，其放电容量为126 mAh / g，容量保持率约为99.9％。 。即使在5℃下，该样品仍具有110mAh / g的高放电容量，证明了良好的速率性能和循环性能。LiMnPO ₄的改进性能可能来自其纳米片状结构和覆盖LiMnPO ₄颗粒的薄碳层。与常规多元醇方法相比，微波辅助多元醇方法的反应时间短得多。