Neural interfaces are becoming a powerful toolkit for clinical interventions requiring stimulation and/or recording of the electrical activity of the nervous system. Active implantable devices offer a promising approach for the treatment of various diseases affecting the central or peripheral nervous systems by electrically stimulating different neuronal structures. All currently used neural interface devices are designed to perform a single function: either record activity or electrically stimulate tissue. Because of their electrical and electrochemical performance and their suitability for integration into flexible devices, graphene‐based materials constitute a versatile platform that could help address many of the current challenges in neural interface design. Here, how graphene and other 2D materials possess an array of properties that can enable enhanced functional capabilities for neural interfaces is illustrated. It is emphasized that the technological challenges are similar for all alternative types of materials used in the engineering of neural interface devices, each offering a unique set of advantages and limitations. Graphene and 2D materials can indeed play a commanding role in the efforts toward wider clinical adoption of bioelectronics and electroceuticals.

中文翻译：

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下一代神经接口设计与工程中的石墨烯

对于需要刺激和/或记录神经系统电活动的临床干预，神经接口正在成为功能强大的工具包。有源植入设备通过电刺激不同的神经元结构，为治疗影响中枢神经系统或周围神经系统的各种疾病提供了一种有前途的方法。当前所有使用的神经接口设备均设计为执行一项功能：记录活动或电刺激组织。由于其电和电化学性能以及适合集成到柔性设备中的能力，基于石墨烯的材料构成了一个通用平台，可以帮助应对神经接口设计中的许多当前挑战。这里，说明了石墨烯和其他2D材料如何具有一系列属性，这些属性可以增强神经接口的功能。要强调的是，对于神经接口设备工程中使用的所有其他类型的材料，技术挑战都是相似的，每种材料都具有独特的优点和局限性。石墨烯和2D材料的确可以在生物电子和电子电器的更广泛临床采用中发挥主导作用。