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Lightweight Exosuit Could Help Patients Walk After Stroke
JAMA ( IF 120.7 ) Pub Date : 2017-09-12 , DOI: 10.1001/jama.2017.13165
Jennifer Abbasi

Patients Walk After Stroke Researchers at Harvard University and Boston University have developed a lightweight, soft robotic exosuit that improves gait in patients who have experienced a stroke. In a small study of 9 patients who ranged from 9 months to more than 14 years poststroke, the exosuit worn on the partially paralyzed lower limb improved forward propulsion and ground clearance during treadmill and overground walking and reduced the energy required to walk. The research appeared in Science Translational Medicine. The device attaches to the wearer with textile bands at the waist and calf, which are connected by a leg strap. Motors pull on cables that attach to a calf anchor and an insole in the wearer’s shoe to help support movement. The heavier components—motors, pulleys, and batteries—are worn around the waist, making them easier to carry. The exosuit also includes wearable sensors on the foot that identify key aspects of the gait cycle. This information is read by a small microprocessor that determines when to send power to the motors. Because the system uses texti les on the limbs, it’s less noticeable when powered off than existing rigid exoskeletons, according to Terry D. Ellis, PT, PhD, a lead author of the study and director of Boston University’s Center for Neurorehabilitation. “In contrast, existing exoskeletons are heavy and difficult to move when they are not powered on,” Ellis said in an email. “This makes our exosuit particularly well-suited for use by elderly and neurologically-impaired patients in community settings.” The research team envisions physical therapists could employ the exosuit in the early phases of stroke rehabilitation to help patients restore more normal walking patterns, which could improve their health outcomes. Patients could also continue to wear it after rehabilitation to get more practice walking. “Limitations in gait contribute to sedentary lifestyles which can reduce quality of life and increase risk of subsequent strokes,” Ellis said.

中文翻译:

轻量级外装可以帮助患者在中风后行走

中风后患者走路 哈佛大学和波士顿大学的研究人员开发了一种轻便、柔软的机器人外装,可改善中风患者的步态。在一项针对 9 名中风后 9 个月至 14 年以上患者的小型研究中,部分瘫痪下肢佩戴的外护套改善了跑步机和地上行走过程中的向前推进力和离地间隙,并减少了行走所需的能量。该研究发表在《科学转化医学》上。该设备通过腰部和小腿处的纺织带连接到佩戴者身上,这些带通过腿带连接。电机拉动连接到小腿固定器和穿着者鞋子的鞋垫的电缆,以帮助支撑运动。较重的部件——电机、皮带轮和电池——戴在腰上,使它们更易于携带。外装还包括脚上的可穿戴传感器,可识别步态周期的关键方面。该信息由一个小型微处理器读取,该微处理器决定何时向电机供电。该研究的主要作者兼波士顿大学神经康复中心主任 Terry D. Ellis 博士说,由于该系统在四肢上使用纺织品,因此在断电时它比现有的刚性外骨骼更不明显。“相比之下,现有的外骨骼很重,在不通电的情况下难以移动,”埃利斯在一封电子邮件中说。“这使得我们的外装套装特别适合社区环境中的老年和神经障碍患者使用。” 研究团队设想物理治疗师可以在中风康复的早期阶段使用外装来帮助患者恢复更正常的步行模式,从而改善他们的健康状况。患者也可以在康复后继续佩戴,以进行更多的步行练习。“步态限制导致久坐不动的生活方式,这会降低生活质量并增加随后中风的风险,”埃利斯说。
更新日期:2017-09-12
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