The rapid increase of the CO₂ concentration in the Earth's atmosphere has resulted in numerous environmental issues, such as global warming, ocean acidification, melting of the polar ice, rising sea level, and extinction of species. To search for suitable and capable catalytic systems for CO₂ conversion, electrochemical reduction of CO₂ (CO₂RR) holds great promise. Emerging heterogeneous carbon materials have been considered as promising metal‐free electrocatalysts for the CO₂RR, owing to their abundant natural resources, tailorable porous structures, resistance to acids and bases, high‐temperature stability, and environmental friendliness. They exhibit remarkable CO₂RR properties, including catalytic activity, long durability, and high selectivity. Here, various carbon materials (e.g., carbon fibers, carbon nanotubes, graphene, diamond, nanoporous carbon, and graphene dots) with heteroatom doping (e.g., N, S, and B) that can be used as metal‐free catalysts for the CO₂RR are highlighted. Recent advances regarding the identification of active sites for the CO₂RR and the pathway of reduction of CO₂ to the final product are comprehensively reviewed. Additionally, the emerging challenges and some perspectives on the development of heteroatom‐doped carbon materials as metal‐free electrocatalysts for the CO₂RR are included.

中文翻译：

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用于CO2电化学还原的无金属碳材料

地球大气中CO ₂浓度的迅速增加导致了许多环境问题，例如全球变暖，海洋酸化，极地冰融化，海平面上升以及物种灭绝。要搜索的CO合适的和能够催化系统₂转化率，电化学还原的CO ₂（CO ₂ RR）带来了巨大希望。新兴的非均相碳材料由于其丰富的自然资源，可定制的多孔结构，耐酸碱性，高温稳定性和环境友好性，被认为是有前途的CO ₂ RR无金属电催化剂。它们表现出卓越的CO ₂RR特性，包括催化活性，长寿命和高选择性。在这里，各种杂原子掺杂的碳材料（例如，碳纤维，碳纳米管，石墨烯，金刚石，纳米孔碳和石墨烯点）（例如，N，S和B）可用作CO的无金属催化剂₂ RR高亮显示。关于用于CO活性位点的识别的最新进展₂ RR和减少CO的的通路₂到最终产品的全面回顾。此外，还包括了新兴挑战以及关于杂原子掺杂碳材料作为CO ₂ RR的无金属电催化剂开发的一些观点。