Abstract Smart surface with the switchable water/oil extreme wettability by external stimuli has great research and application value. In this paper, we present transparent smart surfaces with pH-responsive water wettability in air and oil wettability in water via grafting pH-responsive block copolymers on an inverse opal film. The resulting transparent surface not only shows superhydrophobicity in air but also displays the underwater superoleophobicity after treatment with acid. This transition in wettability is reversible and can be repeated multiple times through adjusting the pH value on the surface. Moreover, this smart surface sustains its superhydrophobicity and underwater superoleophobicity after being abraded with the sand or immersed into NaCl aqueous solutions for 7 days. This transparent surface may be useful for the development of swimsuits, microfluidic valves, automotive glass and solar cells.

中文翻译：

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透明智能表面在超疏水性和水下超疏油性之间具有 pH 诱导的润湿性转变

摘要 具有外部刺激可切换水/油极润湿性的智能表面具有很大的研究和应用价值。在本文中，我们通过在反蛋白石薄膜上接枝 pH 响应性嵌段共聚物，展示了在空气中具有 pH 响应性水润湿性和在水中具有油润湿性的透明智能表面。所得透明表面不仅在空气中表现出超疏水性，而且在酸处理后也表现出水下超疏油性。这种润湿性的转变是可逆的，可以通过调节表面的 pH 值来重复多次。此外，这种智能表面在被沙子磨损或浸入 NaCl 水溶液 7 天后仍保持其超疏水性和水下超疏油性。