MicroRNAs are short RNAs that serve as regulators of gene expression and are essential components of normal development as well as modulators of disease. MicroRNAs generally act cell-autonomously, and thus their localization to specific cell types is needed to guide our understanding of microRNA activity. Current tissue-level data have caused considerable confusion, and comprehensive cell-level data do not yet exist. Here, we establish the landscape of human cell-specific microRNA expression. This project evaluated 8 billion small RNA-seq reads from 46 primary cell types, 42 cancer or immortalized cell lines, and 26 tissues. It identified both specific and ubiquitous patterns of expression that strongly correlate with adjacent superenhancer activity. Analysis of unaligned RNA reads uncovered 207 unknown minor strand (passenger) microRNAs of known microRNA loci and 495 novel putative microRNA loci. Although cancer cell lines generally recapitulated the expression patterns of matched primary cells, their isomiR sequence families exhibited increased disorder, suggesting DROSHA- and DICER1-dependent microRNA processing variability. Cell-specific patterns of microRNA expression were used to de-convolute variable cellular composition of colon and adipose tissue samples, highlighting one use of these cell-specific microRNA expression data. Characterization of cellular microRNA expression across a wide variety of cell types provides a new understanding of this critical regulatory RNA species.

微小RNA是充当基因表达调节剂的短RNA，是正常发育的必需成分以及疾病的调节剂。MicroRNA通常具有细胞自主作用，因此需要将其定位于特定细胞类型以指导我们对MicroRNA活性的理解。当前的组织水平数据已引起相当大的混乱，并且尚不存在完整的细胞水平数据。在这里，我们建立了人类细胞特异性microRNA表达的格局。该项目评估了来自46种原代细胞类型，42种癌症或永生化细胞系以及26种组织的80亿个小RNA-seq读数。它确定了特定的和普遍存在的表达模式，这些模式与相邻的超增强子活性密切相关。未比对RNA的分析读取了已知的microRNA基因座和495个新型推定的microRNA基因座中未发现的207条未知小链（乘客）microRNA。尽管癌细胞系通常概括了匹配的原代细胞的表达模式，但它们的isomiR序列家族显示出增加的紊乱，表明DROSHA和DICER1依赖的microRNA加工可变性。microRNA表达的细胞特异性模式用于解卷大肠和脂肪组织样品的可变细胞组成，强调了这些细胞特异性microRNA表达数据的一种用途。跨多种细胞类型的细胞微RNA表达的表征为这种关键的调控RNA种类提供了新的认识。尽管癌细胞系通常概括了匹配的原代细胞的表达模式，但它们的isomiR序列家族显示出增加的紊乱，表明DROSHA和DICER1依赖的microRNA加工可变性。microRNA表达的细胞特异性模式用于解卷大肠和脂肪组织样品的可变细胞组成，强调了这些细胞特异性microRNA表达数据的一种用途。跨多种细胞类型的细胞微RNA表达的表征为这种关键的调控RNA种类提供了新的认识。尽管癌细胞系通常概括了匹配的原代细胞的表达模式，但它们的isomiR序列家族显示出增加的紊乱，表明DROSHA和DICER1依赖的microRNA加工可变性。microRNA表达的细胞特异性模式用于解卷大肠和脂肪组织样品的可变细胞组成，强调了这些细胞特异性microRNA表达数据的一种用途。跨多种细胞类型的细胞微RNA表达的表征为这种关键的调控RNA种类提供了新的认识。microRNA表达的细胞特异性模式用于解卷大肠和脂肪组织样品的可变细胞组成，强调了这些细胞特异性microRNA表达数据的一种用途。跨多种细胞类型的细胞微RNA表达的表征为这种关键的调控RNA种类提供了新的认识。microRNA表达的细胞特异性模式用于解卷大肠和脂肪组织样品的可变细胞组成，强调了这些细胞特异性microRNA表达数据的一种用途。跨多种细胞类型的细胞微RNA表达的表征为这种关键的调控RNA种类提供了新的认识。