Increasing emphasis on resource recovery from wastewater highlights the importance of capturing valuable products, e.g., nutrients such as nitrogen and phosphorus, while removing contaminants, e.g., organic micropollutants. The objective of this research was to evaluate the fate of the micropollutants triclosan (present as a mixture of neutral and anionic species at neutral pH), 17β-estradiol (neutral at neutral pH), and sulfamethoxazole (anionic at neutral pH) during nutrient recovery using ion exchange-precipitation. Adsorption of the three micropollutants to the phosphate-selective ion exchange resins LayneRT and DOW-HFO-Cu ranged from 54% to 88% in Milli-Q water tests and 50% to 71% in wastewater tests using anaerobic effluent. The micropollutants did not sorb to the ammonium-selective exchanger, clinoptilolite. The presence of the micropollutants reduced the kinetic rates of nutrient exchange onto ion exchangers. However, the micropollutants did not interfere with nutrient capacity on the ion exchangers, likely due to the low concentration of micropollutants and potentially different mechanisms of adsorption (i.e., coulombic and non-coulombic attractions for micropollutants) compared to the target ions. Micropollutants that sorbed to the phosphate exchangers were released with phosphate ions during regeneration. Concentrations of NaOH and NaCl in regeneration solutions did not correlate with micropollutant desorption. Among the micropollutants studied, the more hydrophobic triclosan and 17β-estradiol adsorbed to the resins to greater extents. These compounds also demonstrated lower desorption rates than sulfamethoxazole during regeneration in Milli-Q water tests. Batch struvite precipitation tests revealed that the micropollutants were not enmeshed in precipitated struvite crystals nor sorbed during crystallization, indicating that the struvite product was free of triclosan, 17β-estradiol, and sulfamethoxazole.

中文翻译：

---

通过离子交换和鸟粪石沉淀进行养分回收过程中三氯生，磺胺甲恶唑和17β-雌二醇的命运和影响

越来越强调从废水中回收资源，这突出了捕获有价值的产品（例如营养素，例如氮和磷），同时去除污染物（例如有机微污染物）的重要性。这项研究的目的是评估营养物回收过程中微污染物三氯生（在中性pH下为中性和阴离子物质的混合物），17β-雌二醇（在中性pH下为中性）和宿磺胺甲恶唑（在中性pH下为阴离子）的命运。使用离子交换沉淀。三种微污染物在磷酸盐选择性离子交换树脂LayneRT和DOW-HFO-Cu上的吸附在Milli-Q水测试中为54％至88％，在使用厌氧废水的废水测试中为50％至71％。微量污染物不会吸附到铵选择性交换剂斜发沸石上。微量污染物的存在降低了将营养物交换到离子交换剂上的动力学速率。但是，与目标离子相比，微污染物不会干扰离子交换剂的养分容量，这可能是由于微污染物的浓度低以及潜在的不同吸附机制（即微污染物的库仑和非库仑吸引力）所致。再生过程中，吸附到磷酸盐交换剂的微量污染物与磷酸盐离子一起释放。再生溶液中的NaOH和NaCl浓度与微污染物的解吸无关。在研究的微污染物中，疏水性更高的三氯生和17β-雌二醇在更大程度上吸附到树脂上。在Milli-Q水测试中，再生过程中这些化合物的脱附速率也比磺胺甲恶唑低。分批的鸟粪石沉淀试验表明，微污染物没有渗入沉淀的鸟粪石晶体，也没有在结晶过程中被吸收，表明鸟粪石产物不含三氯生，17β-雌二醇和磺胺甲恶唑。