Motivated mainly by catalysis, gas–surface interaction between single crystal surfaces and molecules has been studied for decades. Most of these studies have been performed in well-controlled environments and have been instrumental for the present day understanding of catalysis, providing information on surface structures, adsorption sites, and adsorption and desorption energies relevant for catalysis. However, the approach has been criticized for being too far from a catalyst operating under industrial conditions at high temperatures and pressures. To this end, a significant amount of effort over the years has been used to develop methods to investigate catalysts at more realistic conditions under operating conditions. One result from this effort is a vivid and sometimes heated discussion concerning the active phase for the seemingly simple CO oxidation reaction over the Pt-group metals in the literature.

中文翻译：

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用于模型催化剂研究的新型原位技术

主要由催化作用引起的单晶表面和分子之间的气-面相互作用已经研究了数十年。这些研究大多数是在控制良好的环境中进行的，有助于当今对催化的理解，提供有关催化的表面结构，吸附位以及吸附和解吸能的信息。然而，由于该方法与在高温和高压下在工业条件下操作的催化剂相距太远而受到批评。为此，多年来花费了大量的精力来开发方法以在操作条件下在更实际的条件下研究催化剂。