This is the first systematic review of the safety of ketamine in the treatment of depression after single and repeated doses. We searched MEDLINE, PubMed, PsycINFO, and Cochrane Databases and identified 288 articles, 60 of which met the inclusion criteria. After acute dosing, psychiatric, psychotomimetic, cardiovascular, neurological, and other side-effects were more frequently reported after ketamine treatment than after placebo in patients with depresssion. Our findings suggest a selective reporting bias with limited assessment of long-term use and safety and after repeated dosing, despite these being reported in other patient groups exposed to ketamine (eg, those with chronic pain) and in recreational users. We recommend large-scale clinical trials that include multiple doses of ketamine and long-term follow up to assess the safety of long-term regular use.

中文翻译：

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与氯胺酮在抑郁症中使用相关的副作用：系统评价。

这是氯胺酮在单次和重复剂量治疗抑郁症中的安全性的首次系统评价。我们搜索了MEDLINE，PubMed，PsycINFO和Cochrane数据库，确定了288篇文章，其中60篇符合纳入标准。急性给药后，对于抑郁症患者，氯胺酮治疗后比安慰剂治疗后更频繁地报告精神病学，拟精神病药，心血管疾病，神经病学和其他副作用。我们的研究结果表明，尽管长期暴露于氯胺酮的其他患者群体（例如患有慢性疼痛的患者）和娱乐用户也报告了选择性报告偏倚，但对长期使用和安全性的评估有限，并且在重复给药后仍存在这些偏见。