Solid lipid nanoparticle (SLN), nanostructured lipid carriers (NLC) and hybrid nanoparticles, have gained increasing interest as drug delivery systems because of their potential to load and release drugs from the Biopharmaceutical classification system (BCS) of class II (low solubility and high permeability) and of class IV (low solubility and low permeability). Lipid properties (e.g. high solubilizing potential, biocompatibility, biotolerability, biodegradability and distinct route of absorption) contribute for the improvement of the bioavailability of these drugs for a set of administration routes. Their interest continues to grow, as translated by the number of patents being field worldwide. This paper discusses the recent advances on the use of SLN, NLC and lipid-polymer hybrid nanoparticles for the loading of lipophilic, poorly water-soluble and poorly permeable drugs, being developed for oral, topical, parenteral and ocular administration, also discussing the industrial applications of these systems. A review of the patents filled between 2014 and 2017, concerning the original inventions of lipid nanocarriers, is also provided.

固体脂质纳米颗粒（SLN），纳米结构脂质载体（NLC）和杂化纳米颗粒作为药物传递系统越来越受到关注，因为它们具有从II类生物药物分类系统（BCS）加载和释放药物的潜力（低溶解度和高渗透性）和IV级（低溶解度和低渗透性）。脂质特性（例如高增溶潜力，生物相容性，生物耐受性，生物降解性和独特的吸收途径）有助于改善这些药物在一系列给药途径中的生物利用度。随着全球范围内专利数量的转化，他们的兴趣持续增长。本文讨论了使用SLN，NLC和脂质-聚合物杂化纳米颗粒负载亲脂性，为口服，局部，肠胃外和眼部给药而开发的水溶性差和渗透性差的药物也讨论了这些系统的工业应用。还提供了2014年至2017年之间关于脂质纳米载体原始发明的专利的综述。