Genome-wide surveys of nucleotide polymorphisms, obtained from next-generation sequencing, have uncovered numerous examples of adaptation in self-fertilizing organisms, especially regarding changes to climate, geography, and reproductive systems. Yet existing models for inferring attributes of adaptive mutations often assume idealized outcrossing populations, which risks mischaracterizing properties of these variants. Recent theoretical work is emphasizing how various aspects of self-fertilization affects adaptation, yet empirical data on these properties are lacking. We review theoretical and empirical studies demonstrating how self-fertilization alters the process of adaptation, illustrated using examples from current sequencing projects. We propose ideas for how future research can more accurately quantify aspects of adaptation in self-fertilizers, including incorporating the effects of standing variation, demographic history, and polygenic adaptation.

从下一代测序获得的全基因组核苷酸多态性调查发现了许多自肥生物适应性的例子，特别是在气候，地理和生殖系统的变化方面。然而，现有的推断适应性突变属性的模型通常假设理想化的异交种群，这冒着这些变异特性错误的风险。最近的理论工作强调自肥的各个方面如何影响适应性，但缺乏有关这些特性的经验数据。我们回顾了理论和实证研究，这些研究证明了自体受精如何改变适应过程，并使用当前测序项目的实例进行了说明。