A single virus is capable of infecting and replicating in a single cell. Recent advances across single-cell omics technologies – genomics, epigenomics, transcriptomics, epitranscriptomics, proteomics, and metabolomics – will offer unprecedented opportunities to gain more insights into the various aspects of the life cycle of viruses and their impact on the host cell. Here, using the human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) as an example, we summarize the current knowledge and the future potential of single-cell omics in the investigation of an important aspect of the life cycle of HIV-1 that represents a major hurdle in achieving viral eradication, HIV-1 latency.

单个病毒能够在单个细胞中感染和复制。单细胞组学技术的最新进展–基因组学，表观基因组学，转录组学，表观转录组学，蛋白质组学和代谢组学–将提供空前的机会，以深入了解病毒生命周期的各个方面及其对宿主细胞的影响。在这里，以1型人类免疫缺陷病毒（HIV-1）为例，我们总结了单细胞组学在研究HIV-1生命周期的重要方面方面的当前知识和未来潜力，该方面代表了HIV-1潜伏期是消除病毒的主要障碍。