Along with the development of metabolic engineering and synthetic biology tools, various microbes are being used to produce aromatic chemicals. In microbes, aromatics are mainly produced via a common important precursor, chorismate, in the shikimate pathway. Natural or non-natural aromatics have been produced by engineering metabolic pathways involving chorismate. In the past decade, novel approaches have appeared to produce various aromatics or to increase their productivity, whereas previously, the targets were mainly aromatic amino acids and the strategy was deregulating feedback inhibition. In this review, we summarize recent studies of microbial production of aromatics based on metabolic engineering approaches. In addition, future perspectives and challenges in this research area are discussed.

随着代谢工程学和合成生物学工具的发展，各种微生物被用于生产芳香族化学品。在微生物中，芳香族化合物主要是通过the草酸酯途径中的一种共同的重要前体分支酸（chorismate）产生的。天然的或非天然的芳族化合物已经通过涉及分支酸的代谢途径而产生。在过去的十年中，已经出现了产生各种芳族化合物或提高其生产率的新颖方法，而以前的目标主要是芳族氨基酸，并且该策略是放松反馈抑制作用。在这篇综述中，我们总结了基于代谢工程方法的微生物对芳香族化合物生产的最新研究。此外，还讨论了该研究领域的未来观点和挑战。