Harnessing the power of the human immune system to treat cancer is the essence of immunotherapy. Monoclonal antibodies engage the innate immune system to destroy targeted cells. For the last 30 years, antibody-dependent cell-mediated cytotoxicity and complement-dependent cytotoxicity have been the main mechanisms of anti-tumor action of unconjugated antibody drugs. Efforts to exploit the potentials of other immune cells, in particular T cells, culminated in the recent approval of two T cell engaging bispecific antibody (T-BsAb) drugs, thereby stimulating new efforts to accelerate similar platforms through preclinical and clinical trials. In this review, we have compiled the worldwide effort in exploring T cell engaging bispecific antibodies. Our special emphasis is on the lessons learned, with the hope to derive insights in this fast evolving field with tremendous clinical potential.

利用人体免疫系统的力量来治疗癌症是免疫疗法的本质。单克隆抗体利用先天免疫系统来破坏目标细胞。在过去的30年里，抗体依赖性细胞介导的细胞毒性和补体依赖性细胞毒性一直是非缀合抗体药物抗肿瘤作用的主要机制。开发其他免疫细胞（特别是 T 细胞）潜力的努力最终导致最近批准了两种 T 细胞参与双特异性抗体 (T-BsAb) 药物，从而刺激了通过临床前和临床试验加速类似平台的新努力。在这篇综述中，我们汇总了全球范围内探索 T 细胞参与双特异性抗体的努力。我们特别强调吸取的经验教训，希望在这个快速发展且具有巨大临床潜力的领域中获得见解。