Phosphorus is considered as a promising anode for Na-ion battery because of its high theoretical capacity of 2595 mAh g⁻¹. In this study, two phosphorus-carbon (P-C) composites with well-controlled compositions and nanostructures of P and C have been developed: [email protected] composite with P confined within porous structure of YP-80F carbon and [email protected] with unconfined P deposited on the surface of carbon nanotube. The structure and electrochemical performance of these two composites have been studied to illustrate the effect of nanostructures of both C and P. [email protected] composite with appropriate amount of P confined in nanopores can accommodate its large volume change upon sodiation/desodiation and enable a stable solid-electrolyte interphase (SEI), ensuring an excellent long-term cycling stability with superior capacity retention of 92% after 100 cycles and 46% after 1000 cycles. In contrast, the [email protected] composite with unconfined P nanostructures shows a rapid capacity decay with capacity retention of ~ 40.6% after 100 cycles, most likely due to unstable SEI during cycling, caused by the large volume changes of unconfined P in the [email protected] composite. The well-designed nanostructured P-C composite with P confined within porous structure of carbon is demonstrated to greatly enhance the electrochemical performance, leading to promising long-term cycling stability.

磷因其2595 mAh g ^-1的高理论容量而被认为是钠离子电池的有希望的阳极。在这项研究中，已开发出两种具有良好控制的P和C纳米结构的磷-碳（PC）复合材料：[电子邮件保护的] P限制在YP-80F碳的多孔结构内，[电子邮件保护的]无限制的复合物P沉积在碳纳米管的表面上。对这两种复合材料的结构和电化学性能进行了研究，以说明C和P的纳米结构的影响。[电子邮件保护的]复合材料具有适量的P限制在纳米孔中，可以适应其在硝化/脱碱过程中的大体积变化，并能够实现稳定的固体电解质中间相（SEI），可确保出色的长期循环稳定性，在100次循环后可保持92％的高容量，而在1000次循环后可保持46％的超强容量。相比之下，具有无限制P纳米结构的[受电子邮件保护的]复合材料显示出快速的容量衰减，在100次循环后容量保持率约为40.6％，这很可能是由于[受电子邮件保护的]无限制P的大量变化导致了循环期间SEI不稳定。合成的。设计精美的纳米结构PC复合材料，其P限制在碳的多孔结构内，可大大增强电化学性能，从而带来有希望的长期循环稳定性。