Since the last comprehensive review on the development of national palliative care in Africa was undertaken 12 years ago, in 2005, we did a scoping review of peer-reviewed, published articles on palliative care development between 2005-16 for each African country. The scoping review was conducted by assessing the medical literature and including local expert recommendations of suggested articles. We did a basic quality assessment of the articles using the journals' impact factor, journal quartile, and the number of citations as suitable metrics for quality consideration. Articles published in English, Spanish, Portuguese, and French that mentioned at least one dimension of WHO's palliative care public health strategy (implementation of services, education, policies, or medicine availability) and vitality (activity by professionals or advocates) were included. Of the 518 articles found, 49 met the inclusion criteria. Information on 26 (48%) of 54 African countries was found. Most services were concentrated in Kenya, South Africa, and Uganda, and 14 (26%) countries showed an increase in services during this timeframe. Stand-alone palliative care policies exist in Malawi, Mozambique, Rwanda, Swaziland, Tanzania, and Zimbabwe. Postgraduate diplomas in palliative care are available in Kenya, South Africa, Uganda, and Tanzania. Restricted access to opioids, prescriber restriction laws, and a low prevalence of morphine use remain common barriers to adequate palliative care provision. Although information on palliative care is unevenly distributed, the available information showed an increased development of palliative care services in a subset of African countries. Despite this growth, however, there is still minimal to no identified palliative care development in most African countries.

中文翻译：

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非洲的姑息治疗：2005-16年的范围回顾。

自从12年前对非洲国家姑息治疗的发展进行了上一次全面回顾以来，2005年，我们对每个非洲国家在2005-16年间对同行评议的发表的有关姑息治疗发展的文章进行了范围界定的回顾。通过评估医学文献并包括建议文章的当地专家建议来进行范围界定审查。我们使用期刊的影响因子，期刊四分位数和引文数量作为质量考量的适当指标，对文章进行了基本的质量评估。以英文，西班牙文，葡萄牙文和法文发表的文章提到了世界卫生组织姑息治疗公共卫生战略的至少一个方面（实施服务，教育，政策，或药物供应情况）和活力（专业人士或拥护者的活动）。找到的518篇文章中，有49篇符合纳入标准。找到了关于54个非洲国家中的26个（48％）的信息。大多数服务都集中在肯尼亚，南非和乌干达，有14个（26％）国家在此期间显示服务增加。马拉维，莫桑比克，卢旺达，斯威士兰，坦桑尼亚和津巴布韦存在独立的姑息治疗政策。肯尼亚，南非，乌干达和坦桑尼亚都有姑息治疗研究生文凭。限制使用阿片类药物，处方限制法以及吗啡使用率低仍然是提供足够的姑息治疗的常见障碍。尽管有关姑息治疗的信息分布不均，现有信息表明，在部分非洲国家中，姑息治疗服务的发展有所增加。尽管增长迅速，但在大多数非洲国家中，姑息治疗的发展仍然微乎其微，甚至没有。