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Inhibitory Basal Ganglia Inputs Induce Excitatory Motor Signals in the Thalamus.
Neuron ( IF 16.2 ) Pub Date : 2017-Aug-30 , DOI: 10.1016/j.neuron.2017.08.028
Jeongjin Kim , Youngsoo Kim , Ryuichi Nakajima , Anna Shin , Minju Jeong , Ah Hyung Park , Yongcheol Jeong , Seonmi Jo , Seungkyoung Yang , Hosung Park , Sung-Hwan Cho , Kwang-Hyun Cho , Insop Shim , Jae Hoon Chung , Se-Bum Paik , George J. Augustine , Daesoo Kim

Basal ganglia (BG) circuits orchestrate complex motor behaviors predominantly via inhibitory synaptic outputs. Although these inhibitory BG outputs are known to reduce the excitability of postsynaptic target neurons, precisely how this change impairs motor performance remains poorly understood. Here, we show that optogenetic photostimulation of inhibitory BG inputs from the globus pallidus induces a surge of action potentials in the ventrolateral thalamic (VL) neurons and muscle contractions during the post-inhibitory period. Reduction of the neuronal population with this post-inhibitory rebound firing by knockout of T-type Ca2+ channels or photoinhibition abolishes multiple motor responses induced by the inhibitory BG input. In a low dopamine state, the number of VL neurons showing post-inhibitory firing increases, while reducing the number of active VL neurons via photoinhibition of BG input, effectively prevents Parkinson disease (PD)-like motor symptoms. Thus, BG inhibitory input generates excitatory motor signals in the thalamus and, in excess, promotes PD-like motor abnormalities. VIDEO ABSTRACT.

中文翻译:

抑制性基底神经节输入在丘脑中诱发兴奋性运动信号。

基底神经节(BG)电路主要通过抑制性突触输出来协调复杂的运动行为。尽管已知这些抑制性BG的输出会降低突触后靶神经元的兴奋性,但这种变化如何损害运动表现的精确性仍知之甚少。在这里,我们显示从苍白球的抑制性BG输入的光遗传学光刺激在抑制后期间在腹侧丘脑(VL)神经元和肌肉收缩中引起动作电位激增。通过敲除T型Ca 2+抑制性反弹后射击减少神经元种群通道或光抑制消除了抑制性BG输入诱导的多种运动反应。在低多巴胺状态下,显示抑制后激发的VL神经元数量增加,同时通过光抑制BG输入减少活性VL神经元数量,有效预防了帕金森氏病(PD)样运动症状。因此,BG抑制性输入会在丘脑中产生兴奋性运动信号,并过多地促进PD样运动异常。视频摘要。
更新日期:2017-08-31
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