While notable advances have been reported for the metal-catalyzed cross-coupling of bulky amines, to date no set of reported conditions has proven general for both hindered and unactivated primary and secondary amines. Examples that are reported with Pd catalysts invariably involve aggressive alkoxide bases in order to provide the necessary “push” required to couple these challenging substrates. Consequently, few, if any, base-sensitive functional groups (e.g., esters, ketones, cyano groups) are included in published reports involving such substrates. Herein we disclose the use of Pd-PEPPSI-IPent^Cl3-chloropyridine precatalyst with the mild, yet soluble base sodium butylated hydroxytoluene (NaBHT) in one single protocol that can couple a broad scope of hindered and unactivated primary and secondary amines to produce functionalized products in high yields.

中文翻译：

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非活化的受阻1°和2°胺的广谱交叉耦合的通用协议

尽管已经报道了大体积胺的金属催化的交叉偶联的显着进展，但是迄今为止，对于受阻和未活化的伯胺和仲胺，没有任何报道的条件被证明是普遍的。Pd催化剂报道的例子总是涉及侵蚀性醇盐碱，以提供偶联这些具有挑战性的底物所需的必要“推动”。因此，在涉及此类底物的公开报告中几乎没有（如果有的话）对碱敏感的官能团（例如，酯，酮，氰基）被包括在内。本文中我们公开了Pd-PEPPSI-IPent ^Cl 3-氯吡啶的用途 在一个单一方案中使用温和但可溶的碱式丁基化羟基甲苯钠（NaBHT）制成的预催化剂，该方案可以偶联各种受阻和未活化的伯胺和仲胺，从而以高收率生产官能化产物。