A strategy to develop improved catalysts is to create systems that merge the advantages of heterogeneous and molecular catalysis. One such system involves supported liquid-phase catalysts, which feature a molecularly defined, catalytically active liquid film/droplet layer adsorbed on a porous solid support. In the past decade, this concept has also been extended to supported ionic liquid-phase catalysts. Here we develop this idea further and describe supported catalytically active liquid metal solutions (SCALMS). We report a liquid mixture of gallium and palladium deposited on porous glass that forms an active catalyst for alkane dehydrogenation that is resistant to coke formation and is thus highly stable. X-ray diffraction and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy, supported by theoretical calculations, confirm the liquid state of the catalytic phase under the reaction conditions. Unlike traditional heterogeneous catalysts, the supported liquid metal reported here is highly dynamic and catalysis does not proceed at the surface of the metal nanoparticles, but presumably at homogeneously distributed metal atoms at the surface of a liquid metallic phase.

中文翻译：

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富镓Pd-Ga相作为负载型液态金属催化剂

开发改进的催化剂的策略是创建一种融合了多相和分子催化优势的系统。一种这样的系统涉及负载的液相催化剂，其特征在于吸附在多孔固体载体上的分子限定的催化活性液体膜/液滴层。在过去的十年中，该概念也已扩展到负载型离子液体催化剂。在这里，我们进一步发展这个想法，并描述了支持的催化活性液态金属溶液（SCALMS）。我们报道了沉积在多孔玻璃上的镓和钯的液体混合物，该混合物形成了烷烃脱氢的活性催化剂，该活性催化剂可防止焦炭形成，因此非常稳定。理论计算支持的X射线衍射和X射线光电子能谱，在反应条件下确认催化相的液态。与传统的非均相催化剂不同，此处报道的负载型液态金属是高度动态的，并且催化作用不在金属纳米粒子的表面进行，而是在液态金属相表面的均相分布的金属原子处进行。